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波兰克拉科夫的铸造研究所使用独特的多功能实验设备,原位研究液体金属与固体陶瓷之间的相互作用,揭示了材料高温处理方面的界面现象,涉及液态Al、Ni和Ti及其合金与氧化物陶瓷接触的处理工艺。主要包括:由残余水蒸气或氧引起的Al初始氧化,用毛细管净化法去除表面氧化,用化学气相沉积碳防护基底,由于尖晶石晶须的形成造成的粗糙化,由于机械脱离导致的铸件夹杂物,因浮力产生的漂浮,因定向凝固发生的分离,用液体前沿的金属蒸气改性固体表面形态,在复杂氧化物基陶瓷坩埚中熔炼多组分合金的复杂性,钛与氧化物的快速反应导致不希望的体积变化,给生产优质钛铸件,特别是精密铸件,造成困难,用纳米尺寸(例如胶体)的Y2O3基涂层防护坩埚和保温包可以抵抗这种侵蚀。通过对高温界面现象的基本研究提出了对材料处理工艺的建议。
The Krakow Institute of Foundry, Krakow, Poland, uses a unique multi-purpose laboratory facility to investigate in situ the interactions between liquid metals and solid ceramics, revealing interfacial phenomena in the high temperature processing of materials, involving liquid Al, Ni and Ti and their alloys Contact with oxide ceramic processing. Mainly includes: initial oxidation of Al by residual water vapor or oxygen, removal of surface oxidation by capillary decontamination, protection of the substrate by chemical vapor deposition of carbon, roughening due to the formation of spinel whiskers, casting due to mechanical detachment Inclusions, floating due to buoyancy, separation due to directional solidification, modification of solid surface morphology with metal vapor at the liquid front, complexity of melting multi-component alloys in complex oxide-based ceramic crucibles, The rapid reaction leads to unwanted volume changes that create difficulties for producing high quality titanium castings, especially precision castings, which can be resisted by nano-sized (eg, colloidal) Y2O3-based coating protection crucibles and thermal packs. Based on the basic research on the phenomena of high temperature interface, some suggestions on the material processing technology are proposed.