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20世纪初,北京传统的居住文化、模式和建筑受到了不小的冲击,民居建筑在加入了一些西洋的装饰成分的同时,也在建筑技术方面和居住模式或多或少的融入了西方的建筑思想和特色,开始逐步接受西方以开放的单体、向高空发展的建筑空间格局,使居住建筑中居住空间布置与室内空间分割有了很大的变化。本文对清末民初时期西方建筑对北京地区近代民居建筑、居住模式、空间格局和装饰风格的影响进行探讨,并以三个实例进一步说明该时期西方建筑对民居建筑及居住模式的影响。
At the beginning of the 20th century, Beijing’s traditional residential culture, patterns, and architecture were greatly affected. Dwelling houses, with the addition of Western decorative elements, were also more or less integrated into the West in terms of building technology and living patterns. The architectural thoughts and characteristics have begun to gradually accept the open space and the development of the building space pattern in the sky. This has greatly changed the arrangement of living space and the division of indoor space in residential buildings. This article discusses the influence of Western architecture on modern residential architecture, residential patterns, spatial patterns, and decorative styles in modern Beijing during the period of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. Three examples are used to further illustrate the impact of Western architecture on residential architecture and residential patterns during the period.