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为研究珠江口近30 a来的重金属污染状况,自伶仃洋淇澳岛海岸带采集了1个长108 cm的沉积物柱(ZH1)。分析了这些沉积物样品中12种微量金属的含量及粒度参数。结果表明,沉积柱中的重金属呈现四种垂向分布模式。有机质含量是大部分重金属垂向分布的主要控制因素。采用地累积指数法对沉积柱中各重金属元素污染的垂向变化进行了评价,结果表明,Cr、V、Be、Se、Sn和Tl基本上未受污染,而Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn、Cd和Co均受到了不同程度的污染,推测这些元素的污染与富集可能主要与上世纪80年代初起至今人类活动(工业、农业及生活)对珠江口产生的影响逐渐增加有关。另外,也与研究区位于珠江口西侧的水动力条件有关。
In order to study the heavy metal pollution in the Pearl River Estuary in recent 30 years, a sediment column (ZH1) of 108 cm in length was collected from Qi’ao Island coast of Lingling Ding. The contents and particle size parameters of 12 trace metals in these sediment samples were analyzed. The results show that there are four vertical distribution patterns of heavy metals in sedimentary columns. Organic matter content is the main controlling factor for the vertical distribution of most heavy metals. The vertical variation of heavy metal pollution in the sedimentation column was evaluated by using the cumulative index method. The results showed that Cr, V, Be, Se, Sn and Tl were basically not contaminated, whereas Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd and Co have been polluted to varying degrees. It is speculated that the pollution and enrichment of these elements may be mainly related to the gradual increase of human activities (industry, agriculture and life) from the early 1980s to the Pearl River Mouth. In addition, it is also related to hydrodynamic conditions in the study area to the west of the Pearl River Mouth.