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一、序言海水盐度是众所周知的海洋中的一个最基本的要素,海洋中的许多现象均与海水的这一重要性质有关,因此古往今来盐度总是海洋调查的一个必不可少的内容。由于海水成份的复杂性,难于用直接的化学分析方法测定海水的总盐量,自1902年发表克纽森(KNUDSEN)盐度的经验公式以后(S‰=0.03+1.805×Cl‰),人们普通都用测定海水氯度来计算海水盐度。然而由于海水组成并非绝对恒定,因此尽管海水氯度可用化学方法精确测量,但并不能由它精确地确定海水盐度,同时测定海水氯度的方法,操作烦赘,费时较多,不能满足
I. INTRODUCTION Salinity of seawater is one of the most basic elements of the well-known ocean. Many of the phenomena in the oceans are related to this important property of seawater, and salinity has always been an essential part of oceanographic surveys since ancient times. Due to the complexity of seawater composition, it is difficult to determine the total salt content of seawater by direct chemical analysis. After the KNUDSEN salinity empirical formula was published in 1902 (S ‰ = 0.03 + 1.805 × Cl ‰), people Commonly used to determine seawater chlorinity to calculate salinity. However, since the composition of seawater is not absolutely constant, it is not possible to accurately determine the seawater salinity by measuring the seawater chloride accurately, and the method of measuring the seawater chlorinity at the same time is cumbersome and time-consuming to handle