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目的评价湖沼地区感染性钉螺环境综合防治处理措施效果,为制定“一村一策”防治策略提供依据。方法 2011-2012年在省部联系点公安县和监利县选择6个村设观察组和对照组,观察组采取两次人畜同步化疗、2~4次药物灭螺、健康教育、野粪调查与处理综合措施,对照村开展常规防治措施,纵向和横向比较观察组和对照组实施效果。结果 2012年效果考核观察组均未发现感染性钉螺,对照组钉螺感染率较2010年0.15%升至0.17%,上升了13.33%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.08,P=0.896)。观察组活螺平均密度下降了59.57%,人群感染率下降了46.44%,差异性有统计学意义(χ2=7.37,P=0.006),耕牛感染率逐年下降,2012年降为0。对照组活螺平均密度下降了34.69%,耕牛感染率年间波动,2011年较2010年上升2.96%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.12,P>0.965),2012年降为0。均未发生急性血吸虫病病例。结论综合治理感染性钉螺环境措施控制血吸虫病效果明显。
Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive treatment and control of Incontinex infestans in lakes and marshes and provide the basis for formulating a strategy of “one village one policy”. Methods From 2011 to 2012, six observation villages and two control groups were set up in 6 villages in Gong’an County and Jianli County, the contact points of the provincial and ministries. The observation group took two cycles of synchronized animal and human medicine, two to four times of snail elimination, health education and stool investigation The comprehensive measures were handled and the control measures were implemented in the control villages. The effects of the observation group and the control group were compared vertically and horizontally. Results Infectious snails were not observed in the observation group in 2012, and the infection rate of snails in control group rose from 0. 15% to 0.17% in 2010, up by 13.33%. There was no significant difference (χ2 = 0.08, P = 0.896). The mean density of live snails in the observation group decreased by 59.57%, while the infection rate in the population decreased by 46.44%. The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 7.37, P = 0.006). The cattle infection rate decreased year by year and decreased to 0 in 2012. In the control group, the average density of live snails decreased by 34.69%. Cattle infection rate fluctuated during the year and increased by 2.96% in 2011 compared with that in 2010 (χ2 = 0.12, P> 0.965). No cases of acute schistosomiasis occurred. Conclusion The comprehensive management of infectious snails environmental measures to control schistosomiasis effect is obvious.