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双阳离子液体(DILs)是一类新型离子液体,其结构中包括一个双阳离子和两个单的阴离子,两个阳离子之间通过联接基进行连接。此类离子液体因其具有高的热和化学稳定性、优良的可设计性、高热容等特点而备受关注,并广泛应用于高温有机反应、气相色谱固定相、染料敏化太阳能电池、分离过程和高温润滑油。本文简述了近年来双阳离子液体的研究进展,归纳了不同类型DILs的合成,包括:对称DILs的合成和非对称DILs的合成;并对此类离子液体的性能进行了总结,如物化性能、表界面性能、毒性及生物降解性等;介绍了DILs的结构与分子动力学;概括了DILs在有机合成、材料制备、电化学领域的应用;最后对DILs的应用前景与发展趋势进行了展望。
Dicoteric liquids (DILs) are a new class of ionic liquids. Their structures include a double cation and two single anions. The two cations are connected by a linker. Due to its high thermal and chemical stability, excellent designability and high heat capacity, such ionic liquids have drawn much attention and are widely used in high temperature organic reactions, gas chromatography stationary phases, dye-sensitized solar cells, Separation process and high temperature lubricating oil. In this paper, the recent progress in the study of bidentate liquids is summarized. The synthesis of different types of DILs is summarized, including the synthesis of symmetric DILs and the synthesis of asymmetric DILs. The properties of ionic liquids such as physicochemical properties, Surface properties, toxicity and biodegradability of DILs. The structure and molecular dynamics of DILs were introduced. The applications of DILs in organic synthesis, material preparation and electrochemical fields were summarized. Finally, the prospect and development trend of DILs were prospected.