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[目的]了解乙型肝炎病人和社会人群对乙肝防治知识、态度、行为(KAP),分析乙型肝炎传播危险因素,为制定乙肝防治策略提供依据。[方法]采用随机抽样方法,抽取乙型肝炎病人50人、按1︰2比例抽取社会人群100人,进行回顾性调查。[结果]公共场所划伤皮肤、非正规医疗机构就诊、不良的生活习惯和行为是乙肝传播的主要危险因素。HBsAg感染与乙肝预防知识、态度和行为有关(P﹤0.05)。[结论]病人对乙肝传播的认识尚有误区,主要表现为病人高估了日常生活接触传播的作用而低估了血液传播、性接触传播的危险因素。这种现状不仅不利于乙肝的防治,而且易于引起盲目的恐慌和对乙肝病人的歧视。应加强对乙肝病人及全人群进行乙肝科普知识的宣传,改变不良的生活习惯和行为,对乙肝的综合预防具有重要的意义。
[Objective] To understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior (KAP) of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B and the risk factors of hepatitis B transmission in patients with hepatitis B and in the general public and provide evidence for the prevention and control strategy of hepatitis B. [Methods] With random sampling method, 50 patients with hepatitis B were drawn, and 100 people were selected according to the ratio of 1: 2 for retrospective investigation. [Results] Scratched skin in public places, visits to non-formal medical institutions, poor living habits and behaviors were the major risk factors for hepatitis B transmission. HBsAg infection is associated with hepatitis B prevention knowledge, attitude and behavior (P <0.05). [Conclusions] There is still a misunderstanding about the spread of hepatitis B in patients. The main manifestation is that patients overestimate the role of contact and spread of daily life and underestimate the risk factors of blood transmission and sexual contact. This situation is not only detrimental to the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B, but also easily lead to blind panic and discrimination against hepatitis B patients. Hepatitis B patients and the entire population should be strengthened to publicize the popular science of hepatitis B, changing bad habits and behaviors, is of great significance for the comprehensive prevention of hepatitis B.