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我院1994~1997年收治353例肝硬化患者,其中并发医院感染101例,感染发生率为28.61%,以自发性腹膜炎为最多见,其次为呼吸道感染、胆道感染及泌尿道感染。感染细菌主要为革兰氏阴性菌,有肺炎杆菌、大肠杆菌、假单胞菌、枸橼酸杆菌及不动杆菌。革兰氏阳性球菌有葡萄球菌属和肠球菌,还有真菌感染。发现肝硬化病程长、血浆白蛋白低、住院时间长、顽固性腹水。肝性脑病者为肝硬化并发感染的危险因素。
In our hospital from 1994 to 1997, 353 patients with cirrhosis were admitted, of which 101 were complicated with nosocomial infection. The incidence rate of infection was 28.61%. Spontaneous peritonitis was the most common, followed by respiratory tract infection, biliary tract infection and urinary tract infection. Infectious bacteria are mainly Gram-negative bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas, Citrobacter and Acinetobacter. Gram-positive cocci Staphylococcus aureus and enterococci, as well as fungal infections. Found a long course of cirrhosis, low plasma albumin, long hospital stay, refractory ascites. Hepatic encephalopathy is a risk factor for cirrhosis complicated by infection.