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目的 研究成年人群下肢动脉硬化早期变化与脂质代谢的临床特点,为有效地开展下肢动脉粥样硬化的一级和二级预防提供依据。方法 调查对象为年龄大于或等于40周岁的某单位人群共525人。下肢动脉硬化诊断方法使用动脉硬化早期测定仪筛检。检测成年人群耾动脉-踝动脉搏波传导速度(brachial-anklepulse wave velocity,baPWV)和踝臂指数(brachial-ankle index,ABI),了解成年人群的血管弹性状况。血脂异常的诊断依据1997年全国血脂防治建议。结果 体检的525人中,40～49岁baPWV检测值升高者占32.8%;50～59岁baPWV检测值升高者占56%;60～69岁baPWV检测值升高者占69.8%;70～79岁baPWV检测值升高者占75%;年龄越大,baPWV检出率越高。525人中,baPWV检测值轻度升高者占13%;baPWV中度升高者占22%;重度升高者占8%。525人中血脂异常者309人,其中总胆固醇值升高、低密度脂蛋白升高伴同型半胱氨酸升高者179人,伴baPWV检测值升高者136人,达76%。结果 显示,总胆固醇值和低密度脂蛋白升高伴同型半胱氨酸升高者下肢动脉硬化发生率高(76%)。结论 深圳地区成年人群早期下肢动脉硬化与脂质代谢异常密切相关。积极治疗脂质代谢异常,开展下肢动脉粥样硬化的一级和二级预防是降低心脑血管事件的关键。
Objective To study the clinical characteristics of early changes of atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism in lower extremities in adults and to provide evidence for the effective prevention of primary and secondary lower extremity atherosclerosis. Methods The survey population was 525 in a unit of people 40 years of age or older. Lower extremity arteriosclerosis diagnostic method using early detection of arteriosclerosis screen. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and the brachial-ankle index (ABI) were measured in adults to understand the elasticity of blood vessels in the adult population. Dyslipidemia diagnosis based on the 1997 national blood lipid prevention and control recommendations. Results Of the 525 physical examinations, the baPWV test scores increased from 40 to 49 years old (32.8%), the baPWV test scores increased from 50 to 59 years (56%), the baPWV test scores from 60 to 69 years (69.8%). ~ 79 years old baPWV test value accounted for 75%; older, baPWV detection rate is higher. Of the 525 individuals, 13% were mildly elevated with baPWV; 22% were moderate with baPWV; and 8% were severe. Among the 525 persons, there were 309 dyslipidemia patients, among which, total cholesterol value increased, LDL increased with 179 patients with homocysteine increased, and 136 patients with increased baPWV value reached 76%. The results showed that the total cholesterol and LDL increased with homocysteine increased lower limb arteriosclerosis incidence (76%). Conclusion The lower extremity arteriosclerosis and lipid metabolism in early adults of Shenzhen are closely related. Active treatment of abnormal lipid metabolism, lower extremity atherosclerosis to carry out primary and secondary prevention is the key to reducing cardiovascular events.