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从图式理论角度揭示报刊课难教难学的主要原因是学习者报刊图式的缺失所致,尤其是报刊语言子图式的残缺,阻断了自下而上和自上而下两种阅读模式的交接互动,因此报刊课的首要任务便是帮助学生构建出相对完整的报刊语言子图式,而这个任务能否顺利完成,关键在于教材的编写有无提供足够的图式建构块件;通过对现行四套较有代表性报刊教材中“体育”专题的统计分析,指出专题教材编写的成功与否,有无专题性、典型性是最为重要的衡量标准;最后以“体育”专题为例,具体提出了构建“体育”专题语言图式的一些设想,用“典型性”“关联性”“独有性”等原则来指导报刊课文、生词、语言点和练习的编写,使得教材的编写始终紧扣图式构建这一中心任务,唯其如此,教材才能有效地发挥其引导的作用,让学习者顺利生成一个相对完整的报刊语言图式,从而切实提高学习者阅读中文报刊的解码能力。
From the perspective of schemata theory, the main reason for the difficult teaching of newspapers and periodicals is the lack of learner’s newspaper schema, especially the incompleteness of the sublanguage of newspapers and magazines, which has blocked both bottom-up and top-down Therefore, the first task of newspapers and periodicals is to help students construct a relatively complete newspaper language sub-schema. Whether this task can be successfully completed depends on whether the teaching materials are provided with enough schema-building blocks Through the statistical analysis of the “Sports” topics in the teaching materials of the four representative newspapers and periodicals, it is pointed out that the success or failure of the preparation of the special textbooks is the most important measure whether there is thematic or the typicality; finally, Sports “as an example, this paper puts forward some concrete conceptions of constructing the special language schema of” Sports “and uses the principle of ” Typical “” Relevance “” Uniqueness , New words, language points and practice writing, making the preparation of textbooks has always been closely linked to the schemata construction of the central task, the only case, textbooks can effectively play its guiding role, allowing learners to successfully generate a relatively complete newspaper language Schema, which effectively mention High learners read the decoding ability of Chinese newspapers and periodicals.