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一、问题的提出 在灌区的正常运行管理中,存在一个不能回避的实际问题,即水的供需矛盾。由于灌区的工程规模在某个时期是一定的,而每年的可供水量是随机的,这就造成在实际运用中不得不采取集中用水、按原计划用水、可扩大用水面积等不同的灌溉方案。近几年华北地区降雨偏少,这一矛盾显得更加突出。当在某来水量情况下,采用何种方案可使整个灌区系统净收益最大,以此目的探索一个合理的灌溉方案已成为急待解决的问题。
First, the issue put forward In the normal operation and management of irrigation areas, there is an unavoidable practical problems, namely the contradiction between supply and demand of water. As the scale of the project in the irrigated area is certain at a certain period and the annual water supply capacity is random, this will result in different types of irrigation schemes such as centralized water use, original planned water use and widened water use area in practical application . In recent years, rainfall in northern China is less than normal, and this contradiction is even more prominent. When a certain amount of water in the case, the use of programs that can maximize the net income of the entire irrigation system, in order to explore a reasonable irrigation program has become an urgent problem to be solved.