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目的分析Ⅳ类骨质条件下平台转换种植体植入深度对种植体周围牙槽骨应力分布特征的影响,为平台转换种植体的临床应用提供一定的参考依据。方法利用CT扫描以及Mimics10.01、Solidwork2007等软件实体建模技术,结合有限元软件Ansys14.0建立按包含平台转换种植体及上部结构和中切牙牙冠的Ⅳ类骨质的有限元模型,并按照四种不同植入深度装配,分析垂直100N及斜向100N两种加载下种植体骨界面应力分布特征。结果不同加载下,种植体周围骨应力主要集中在种植体颈部平台与皮质骨接触区,随植入深度加深,从牙槽嵴顶向下转移,减轻了牙槽嵴顶负荷。在植入牙槽嵴顶下1mm时最大Vonmise应力有效降低。斜向载荷下种植体周围骨最大Vonmise应力显著高于垂直载荷下的应力大小。结论临床中平台转换种植体植入时应将颈部平台置于牙槽嵴顶下皮质骨中。在Ⅳ类骨质中低于牙槽嵴顶1mm有利于减轻种植体颈部边缘牙槽骨负荷。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of implant-implant depth on the stress distribution of alveolar bone around implant under the condition of Ⅳ-type bone, and provide some reference for the clinical application of platform-converted implant. Methods The finite element model of type Ⅳ bone with implant and superstructure and incisor crown was constructed by CT scanning and software solid modeling techniques such as Mimics 10.01 and Solidwork 2007 combined with finite element software Ansys14.0. According to the four different implant depths, the stress distribution characteristics at the implant bone interface were analyzed under 100N vertical load and 100N vertical load. Results Under different loadings, the bone stress around the implants mainly concentrated on the contact area between the cervical platform and the cortical bone. With the deepening of implanting depth, the stress transferred downward from the alveolar ridge, reducing the stress on the alveolar ridge. The maximum Vonmise stress was effectively reduced at 1 mm at the alveolar crest. The maximum Vonmise stress of the peri-implant bone under diagonal loading was significantly higher than that under vertical loading. Conclusions The cervical platform should be placed in the cortical bone of the alveolar crest at the time of implanting the plateau transplants. Lower than the alveolar crest in the Ⅳ type of bone 1mm is conducive to reducing alveolar bone load on the edge of the implant neck.