论文部分内容阅读
“齐物”,是庄子哲学的一个基本观念。一般认为,“齐物”就是抹杀事物之间的一切差别。这种解释,并不符合“齐物”概念的原义。一般对“齐物”概念的误解,关键在于混淆了事实判断与价值态度之间的区别。庄子“齐物”概念所表达的,是一种价值的态度,而不是一种有关对象的事实判断。“齐物”,强调的是事物的存在在价值意义上的齐一性,并不否认事物在实存意义上的差异性。《庄子·秋水》说:“以道观之,物无贵贱;以物观之,自贵而相贱;以俗观之,贵贱不在已。”贵与贱,即是一种价值的尺度。庄子哲学的根本精神,是要返归自然,实现人的自由。在庄子看来,人之所以不自由,乃是因为总在其自我意识和行为中表现一种不自然的、人为的东西。这主要表现为
“Qi things” is a basic concept of Zhuangzi philosophy. Generally believed that “Qi things” is to eliminate all the differences between things. This explanation, does not meet the “Qi” concept of the original meaning. The crux of the general misunderstanding of the concept of “homogeneous objects” lies in the confusion between the factual judgment and the values and attitudes. Zhuangzi “Qi things” concept is expressed, is a value attitude, rather than a factual judgment of the object. “Qi things” emphasizes the unity of the existence of things in the sense of value, and does not deny the difference in the meaning of things. “Zhuangzi Qiu Shui” said: “In view of Tao, things are noble and cheap; things are things, but expensive and cheap; with popular viewpoints, expensive things are not.” Expensive and cheap, that is, a measure of value. The fundamental spirit of Zhuangzi philosophy is to return to nature and realize human freedom. In Chuang Tzu’s opinion, the reason why people are not free is that they always manifest an unnatural and artificial thing in their self-consciousness and behavior. This is mainly manifested as