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本文旨在通过分析《伙食司的故事》所体现的以言忘言之难,揭示该诗长期被忽视的特征——不确定性。乔叟不仅暗示了但丁对阿波罗基督教式的贬损,还指出奥维德诗歌中情色描写的灵感并非出自阿波罗;前者认为阿波罗不足以引导人进入天堂,后者则否定了神成为世俗情人的资格。在“伙食司对神的轻蔑”以及“神毁坏自己的乐器”双重线索的配合下,引出伙食司的母亲对其儿子“沉默是金”的教导。她的训诫在这样一个欢快的奥维德式寓言故事中听来颇觉絮叨得几近伪善。尽管母亲以诡谲的方式讲述了这个给一个成年朝圣者听的故事,但这并未妨碍文本所指向的教导意图。而依据模仿或反讽解读诗歌,会出现两个截然不同的结局。多数评论倾向前者,认为《伙食司的故事》是《牧师的故事》的提喻,诚如牧师在其开场语中所说的——是“荒谬的言语,没半点道理”。尽管两者被类比,但事实上,乔叟将前者设定为后者所要驳斥的对象,《伙食司的故事》中所体现的正是牧师所面临的修辞的困境,换而言之,牧师与伙食经理的母亲之间“对语言的放弃”这一共同点才是诗人想要竭力凸显的部分——两个言语者都打破了一般的叙事规范。本文引证了但丁的《天堂》、奥维德的《爱经》和《变形记》、乔叟的《特洛伊罗斯与克丽西达》和《自由农的故事》、拉丁武加大圣经、《女隐士指南》。
The purpose of this article is to reveal the long-neglected feature of the poem - uncertainty - by analyzing the fallacy of forgetting words in The Food Secretary’s Stories. Cham not only hinted at Dante’s appropriation of Apollo’s Christianity, but also pointed out that the inspiration for the description of eroticism in Ovide’s poems was not from Apollo. The former thought Apollo was not enough to guide people into paradise, while the latter denied that God became a secular Lover’s qualifications. Under the double clues of “Savoring God’s Food Division” and “God Destroying His Musical Instrument,” the mothers of the food division are led to teach their sons that “silence is golden.” Her admonitions were almost hypocritical in such a cheerful Ovid fable. Although the mother tells the story of an adult pilgrim in a treacherous way, this does not hinder the teaching of the text. According to imitation or irony reading poetry, there will be two distinct outcomes. Most comments tended to be the former, arguing that “the food secretary’s story” was a metaphor for the “pastor’s story,” as the pastor said in his opening remarks - yes, “absurd words, without any justification.” Although the two are analogized, in fact, Chaucer sets the former as the object to be refuted by the latter. It is the rhetorical dilemma faced by the priest in “The Food Secretary’s Stories.” In other words, the priest In common with the food manager’s mother, the “waiver of language” is what the poet wants to do its utmost to highlight - both speakers break the general narrative. This article cites Dante’s Paradise, Ovid’s Aizora and Metamorphoses, Chateaubrivo Troyos and Cleeseida, A Free Farmer’s Story, the Latin Bible, “Female hermit guide.”