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一、土坝在小流域治沟打坝中的应用及发展情况 水土保持小流域综合治理中的沟道坝系工程,广泛采用当地材料筑坝,创造了各类坝型,其中以土坝应用最为广泛。在我国修建夯碾土坝有着悠久的历史,数量最多,分布范围也最广,筑坝技术也很成熟,已广泛应用于小流域沟道工程建设。解放后,在开展群众性打坝淤地的同时,1955年,黄委会西北工程局就在黄土高原开展沟壑土坝建设,使沟坝建设得到较快发展。据不完全统计,仅黄河流域就已修建淤地坝近3万座,其中碾压式土坝约占两万座。七十年代以来,
I. Application and development of earth dam in ditch ditching and ditching in small watershed Ditch dams project in comprehensive management of soil and water conservation in small watershed extensively uses local materials for dam construction and has created various types of dams, The most extensive. In our country built rammer earth dam has a long history, the largest number, the most widely distributed, dam technology is also very mature, has been widely used in small watershed channel construction. After the liberation, in carrying out mass damming, at the same time, in 1955, the Northwest Engineering Bureau of the Yellow River Commission conducted a dug-earth dam construction on the Loess Plateau to make the construction of the ditch dam develop rapidly. According to incomplete statistics, only about 30,000 silt dam have been built in the Yellow River basin alone, of which about 20,000 are earth-rock dam. Since the seventies,