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试验分析了电力机车司机室噪声源的噪声特性和司机室各墙体的隔声性能。基于声源声功率的等效原理,将室外声源声功率级等效转换到室内声源声功率级,基于现有隔声设计的基本公式,对电力机车司机室内受声点的噪声进行了预测。结果表明:轮轨噪声、机械间设备噪声和司机室内空调、暖风机噪声是司机室噪声的主要来源;由于机械间内产生了足够的混响声,机械间内受声点声压级的大小与声源到受声点的距离无关;计算结果与测试结果存在一定的误差,但仍在可接受范围之内。预测方法能为电力机车司机室早期的声学设计和改进提供设计依据。
The noise characteristics of noise sources of driver’s cab of electric locomotive and the sound insulation performance of each wall of cab are analyzed experimentally. Based on the equivalent principle of sound source power, the sound power level of outdoor sound source is equivalently converted to the sound power level of indoor sound source. Based on the basic formula of sound insulation design, prediction. The results show that the noise of wheel and rail, the noise of machinery and the noise of the driver’s indoor air conditioner and heater fan are the main sources of driver’s cab noise. Because of the enough reverberation sound generated in the machinery room, The distance between the sound source and the sound point is irrelevant; there is some error between the calculation result and the test result, but it is still within the acceptable range. The prediction method can provide the design basis for the early acoustic design and improvement of electric locomotive cab.