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美国科学家认为,老年人患的许多疾病,如心脏病、骨质疏松症、糖尿病、肾炎甚至癌症等都与饮食有很大关系。主要营养素、食物纤维和水的摄入不足会导致老年人罹患某种疾病或间接地加重病情。 研究表明,如同儿童对营养在数量和质量上的需要不同于成年人一样,老年人所需的营养也不同于青壮年。 美国卫生和人民服务部于1992年修订了一项关于培养良好饮食习惯的《金字塔式食品指南》,它向人们推荐了每一个希望保持健康的成年人每年所需的各种食品的数量。 该食品指南要求每人每天摄入6至11份谷类食物,3至5份蔬菜,2至4份水果,2至3份高蛋白食物(肉、禽、鱼、豆制品、鸡蛋和坚果),2至3份奶有节制地摄入。
American scientists believe that many diseases in the elderly, such as heart disease, osteoporosis, diabetes, nephritis and even cancer, have a great relationship with diet. Inadequate intake of key nutrients, dietary fiber and water can lead to an illness in the elderly or indirectly worsen the condition. Studies show that, just as children’s nutritional needs differ in quantity and quality from those of adults, the nutritional requirements of the elderly are different from those of young adults. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services revised a “Pyramid Food Guide” in 1992 that promotes good eating habits and recommends to people the amount of food each year for every adult wishing to remain fit. The food guide requires 6 to 11 servings of cereal, 3 to 5 servings of vegetables, 2 to 4 servings of fruit, 2 to 3 servings of high-protein foods (meat, poultry, fish, soy products, eggs and nuts) per person per day, Take 2 to 3 portions of milk in a controlled manner.