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通过黄铁矿纯矿物浮选实验、紫外分光光度计(UV-Vis)分析、Zeta电位测定和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)分析研究了工业回水中超标离子(NH+4,Mg~(2+),Ca~(2+),F-)对黄铁矿浮选的作用机制。结果表明,回水中NH_4~+可以提高矿物表面的电位,扩大黄铁矿浮选的pH值范围,红外光谱表明其能促进黄铁矿与黄药发生化学吸附,且矿物表面黄药吸附量随着NH+4的增加而增加,经NH_4~+活化后,黄铁矿浮选回收率提高15.5%。而回水中Ca~(2+),Mg~(2+),F-会抑制黄铁矿对黄药的吸附,浮选回收率平均下降10%。其中,Ca~(2+),Mg~(2+)在黄铁矿表面易形成亲水膜,阻碍黄铁矿对黄药的表面吸附;Zeta电位测试发现F-吸附在矿物表面导致矿物表面带负电,与同为阴离子的黄原酸根离子形成竞争吸附,减少了黄原酸盐在黄铁矿表面的吸附量,降低了其可浮性。
Through the flotation experiments of pure mineral pyrite, UV-Vis analysis, Zeta potential measurement and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis of industrial backwater excess standard ions (NH 4, Mg ~ (2 +), Ca ~ (2 +), F-) on flotation of pyrite. The results show that NH 4 + in the backwater can increase the surface potential of the mineral and enlarge the pH range of pyrite flotation. The infrared spectrum indicates that it can promote the chemical adsorption of pyrite and xanthate, With the increase of NH + 4, the recovery of pyrite flotation increased by 15.5% after activated by NH 4 +. However, Ca ~ (2 +), Mg ~ (2 +) and F- in backwater inhibited the adsorption of xanthate by pyrite, and the average flotation recovery decreased by 10%. Among them, Ca ~ (2 +) and Mg ~ (2+) could easily form hydrophilic membrane on the surface of pyrite, hindering the adsorption of pyrite on the surface of xanthate. Zeta potential test showed that F- adsorption on the surface of minerals led to the mineral surface Negatively charged, with the same anion xanthate ions competitive adsorption, reducing the xanthate adsorption on the pyrite surface, reducing its buoyancy.