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该文在大型重力式分层流水槽中开展横置细长潜体遭遇下凹内孤立波的流场和作用力特性的实验研究,采用PIV技术测量内孤立波及其与潜体相互作用时的流场变化,同时利用测力传感器测量潜体所受水平与垂向力的变化,分析入射波振幅以及潜体潜深变化对作用力的影响情况。研究表明:内孤立波诱导流场的整体特征表现为,在上下两层流体中形成强烈的水平剪切流,上层流速大于下层流速且方向相反,在波前后分别形成下沉与上升流动;潜体所受水平力主要由内孤立波诱导流场决定,而垂向力则由密度场与流场变化的耦合作用决定;在横置细长体遭遇内孤立波过程中,其后部产生的涡旋结构导致高密度流体团的滞留继而逐渐扩散,它是决定沿内孤立波传播方向横置与平行放置细长潜体时两者垂向作用力差异的重要原因。
In this paper, the experimental study on the flow field and force characteristics of the concave slender submarine subjected to concave solitary waves in a large gravitational layered flume is carried out. The PIV technique is used to measure the internal solitary wave and its interaction with the submerged body At the same time, the change of horizontal and vertical force of submerged body was measured by load cell, and the influences of the amplitude of incident wave and the submarine submerged depth on the force were analyzed. The results show that the overall characteristics of the internal soliton-induced flow field are as follows: a strong horizontal shear flow is formed in the upper and lower layers of the fluid, the upper flow velocity is larger than the lower flow velocity and the opposite direction, forming sinking and ascending flow respectively; The horizontal force of the body is mainly determined by the internal solitary wave induced flow field, while the vertical force is determined by the coupling effect of the density field and the flow field. In the process of transverse solitary slender body encountering an internal solitary wave, The vortex structure leads to the retention of high-density fluid clusters and then to the gradual diffusion, which is an important reason for determining the difference of the vertical force between horizontal and vertical submerged latent bodies.