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用光学显微镜和电子显微镜观察了水稻在籽粒灌浆过程中小穗轴的结构变化，用ＴＴＣ染色法鉴定了小穗轴与颖果中脱氢酶的活性。主要结果如下：（１）开花后小穗轴中厚壁细胞内的质体积累淀粉，其后随胚乳中淀粉的积累，质体中淀粉消失，另外厚壁细胞的次生壁随开花后天数的增加不断地增厚。而未灌浆的空粒，开花后厚壁细胞不积累淀粉，次生壁也不增厚。（２）小穗轴中央维管束的活性与灌浆速率有关，活性高时灌浆速率快。小穗轴一黄化，灌浆就趋向停止。（３）灌浆物质进入颖果的途径是：小穗轴中央维管束→子房背部维管束→珠心突起→珠心层质外体→胚乳。
The microstructures of the rachilla were observed under a light microscope and electron microscopy. The activities of dehydrogenase in the rachilla and caryopsis were identified by TTC staining. The main results are as follows: (1) The plastid accumulated starch in the thick-walled cells of the rachilla after flowering, followed by the accumulation of starch in the endosperm, the disappearance of the starch in the plastid, and the number of the secondary wall of the thick- The increase is continuously thickening. Without grouting of the empty grain, after flowering thick-walled cells do not accumulate starch, the secondary wall is not thickening. (2) The activity of the central vascular bundle in the rachilla was related to the filling rate, and the filling rate was high when the activity was high. Spikelets a yellow, grouting tends to stop. (3) The way of grouting material into caryopsis is as follows: the central vascular bundle of rachilla axis → the vascular bundle of dorsal root of ovary → the protruding process of bead → the extracellular body of cinnabar → the endosperm.