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目的:评价客观结构化临床考试在江苏省口腔住院医师规范化培训(简称住培)阶段考核中的有效性和可靠性，为进一步制定规范化、科学化的考试方案提供参考。方法:本研究采用资料分析方法。选取2017年江苏省南京市口腔医学专业94名住院医师规范化培训阶段考试成绩作为研究对象，对客观结构化临床考试方案及其成绩的信度、难度和区分度等指标进行统计分析和综合评价。结果:客观结构化临床考试方案共有3个部分和8个站点，本次考试科目的总平均成绩为260.95(256.21，263.67)，合格率为90.4%(85/94)；克朗巴赫系数为0.700，难度系数为0.81～0.91，区分度为0.125～0.540。结论:运用客观结构化临床考试方案在江苏省口腔住院医师规范化培训进行阶段考核是有效的、可靠的和适宜的，对个别信度和区分度较差的考核站点需要进一步改进。“,”Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and reliability of objective structured clinical examination program in standardized training of residents in stomatological department of Jiangsu province, and to provide a reference for the further development of standardized and scientific examination program.Methods:The data analysis method was used. The objective structured clinical examination results of 94 resident physicians in Jiangsu Province in 2017 were selected as the research objects to conduct statistical analysis and comprehensive evaluation on the reliability, difficulty and differentiation of the objective structured clinical examination program as well as its results.Results:The objective structured clinical examination program consists of 3 parts and 8 stations. The median score of this examination subject is 260.95 (256.21, 263.67), and the passing rate is 90.4% (85/94). The Cronbach coefficient was 0.700, the difficulty coefficient was 0.81~0.91, and the discrimination was 0.125~0.540.Conclusions:It is effective, reliable and appropriate to carry out objective structural clinical assessment program in the evaluation of residents in stomatological department of Jiangsu province in the planning and training stage.