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名词是巴利语中最重要的词类,具有繁复的语法规则。目前,除了一份以-u音结尾阳性单数名词变化表外,尚未在西双版纳发现包括名词语法在内的巴利语法专书。为了探求西双版纳傣族巴利名词语法的真实面貌,唯一切实可行的方法就是研究转写自当地傣族巴利经卷中的巴利名词和名词短语,并尽可能地在研究过程中对所研究经卷的傣语经疏加以充分的利用。《出家业经》过去和目前都是西双版纳傣族最常用的巴利经典。鉴于此,这部巴利语佛经被选取作本研究的文本。前期研究发现,《出家业经》第二章分布有较为丰富的巴利名词和巴利名词短语。一方面,比照通行的巴利语语法,从《出家业经》第二章经文中选择出具有语法分析研究典型意义的巴利名词和巴利复合名词短语作为研究的材料。另一方面,鉴于有关《出家业经》的傣语经疏已经在西双版纳勐龙的傣族寺院内流传了数代,挑选出经疏中对所选名词和名词短语的疏解文字加以研究。通过对以上两系材料的研究,可揭示西双版纳傣族巴利名词语法知识的原初面貌,并进而得出以下三个论点:(1)西双版纳傣族巴利名词语法知识颇为有限;(2)傣族以傣族化的方式来理解和诠释包括第二章在内的《出家业经》;(3)《出家业经》和《出家业经》的经疏来自于西双版纳以外的地方。
Nouns are the most important part of Pali language, with complex grammatical rules. At present, except for a list of positive singular nouns ending in -u, no Pali grammar book including noun grammar has been found in Xishuangbanna. In order to explore the authenticity of the Ba ly name grammar in Xishuangbanna, the only practical method is to study the BaLi nouns and noun phrases written in the local BaLi scriptures and, as far as possible, The Dai language by adding to make full use of. The “Tripitaka” in the past and present are the most commonly used Bailey Xishuangbanna Dai classics. In view of this, this Pali scripture was chosen as the text of this study. The previous study found that the second chapter of the “monk’s work” distribution is more abundantBali nouns andBaliNational phrases. On the one hand, according to the prevailing Pali language grammar, from the second chapter of the Buddhist scriptures, we choose the Baali nouns and the Pali compound nouns that have the typical meaning of grammatical analysis as the research materials. On the other hand, in view of the fact that the Dai language used in the Buddhist scriptures for prejudices has been circulating in Dai temples in Menglong, Xishuangbanna for several generations, the selected texts for the selected nouns and noun phrases have been selected for study. Through the study of the above two series of materials, the original appearance of the grammatical knowledge of Ba Li in Xishuangbanna can be revealed, and then the following three arguments can be obtained: (1) The grammatical knowledge of Ba Li nouns in Xishuangbanna is rather limited; (2) Dai’s way to understand and interpret the “monk’s classics”, including the second chapter; (3) The classics of “monk’s classics” and “monk’s classics” come from outside Xishuangbanna.