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传染性单核细胞增多症最主要的流行病学特征是好发于青年人,特别在15～25岁年龄组。其常见的临床特点是发热、皮疹、咽炎、淋巴结肿大、淋巴细胞增多伴高比例的异常淋巴细胞、暂时性嗜异性凝集试验阳性及持续的EB病毒抗体应答。最近Horowitz等指出,传染性单核细胞增多症的非典型表现常在40岁以上的患者中引起诊断困难,并提出这些患者较之青年人有长期发热、明显的肝功能试验异常及少量的周围淋巴结肿大。
The main epidemiological features of infectious mononucleosis are those occurring in young people, especially in the 15-25 age group. Common clinical features are fever, rashes, pharyngitis, lymph nodes, lymphocytosis with a high proportion of abnormal lymphocytes, transient heterophilic agglutination test positive and sustained EBV antibody response. Recently, Horowitz et al. Pointed out that atypical manifestations of infectious mononucleosis often cause diagnostic difficulties in patients over the age of 40, and proposed that these patients have long-term fever compared with young people, significant liver function test abnormalities and a small amount of surrounding Lymphadenopathy.