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运用Abaqus/standard有限元分析软件对2A12铝合金厚板淬火过程进行模拟,给出了淬火温度场及淬火残余应力分布,系统研究了厚度、淬火介质对减小淬火残余应力的影响。结果表明,厚度由20 mm增加到30 mm时,残余应力显著增加;厚度由30 mm增加到60 mm时,残余应力变化较小;厚度由60 mm增加到70 mm,残余应力有一定程度的减小。厚度为20 mm和70 mm时,水淬残余应力比PAG溶液淬火分别高出约55%和29%;厚度在30~60 mm时,残余应力差异较小。淬火时将工件壁厚控制在20 mm左右,并采用PAG溶液作为淬火介质,可有效减小残余应力。
Abaqus / standard finite element analysis software was used to simulate the quenching process of 2A12 aluminum alloy plate. The quenching temperature field and residual stress distribution of quenching were given. The effects of thickness and quenching medium on decreasing the residual stress of quenching were systematically studied. The results show that when the thickness increases from 20 mm to 30 mm, the residual stress increases significantly. When the thickness increases from 30 mm to 60 mm, the residual stress changes little. When the thickness increases from 60 mm to 70 mm, the residual stress decreases to a certain extent small. When the thickness is 20 mm and 70 mm, the residual stress of water quenching is about 55% and 29% higher than the quenching of PAG solution respectively. When the thickness is 30 ~ 60 mm, the difference of residual stress is small. Quenching the workpiece wall thickness control in 20 mm or so, and the use of PAG solution as a quenching medium, can effectively reduce the residual stress.