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以12个玉米自交系为试验材料,按不完全双列杂交试验设计组配35个杂交组合,对种子出苗势、出苗率、出苗指数、活力指数等种子活力指标进行配合力及遗传参数分析。结果表明:同一亲本种子活力4个性状间及同一性状12个亲本间的一般配合力(GCA)效应存在显著差异,12个亲本自交系中K1516的GCA效应表现最优,A3519表现最差;种子活力的特殊配合力(SCA)效应与GCA效应之间关系复杂,不能依靠双亲的GCA效应来推断其后代的SCA效应;种子活力各指标的广义遗传力都超过50%,狭义遗传力均超过30%,并且加性效应都大于非加性效应,表明这些指标可以作为种子活力早代选择的依据;千粒重与种子活力相关性很低。
Twelve maize inbred lines were used as experimental materials, and 35 hybrid combinations were designed according to incomplete diallel crosses to analyze the combining ability and genetic parameters of seed vigor, emergence rate, seedling index and vigor index . The results showed that there were significant differences in GCA effects among 4 traits of the same parent seed and 12 parents of the same trait. The GCA effect of K1516 was the best among 12 parents inbred lines, while the performance of A3519 was the worst. The relationship between special combining ability (SCA) of seed vigor and GCA effect was complex, and the SCA effect of its offspring could not be deduced by GCA effect of parents. The general heritability of each index of seed vigor exceeded 50%, and the narrow heritability exceeded 30%, and the additive effect is greater than the non-additive effect, indicating that these indicators can be used as the basis for seed vigor selection; grain weight and seed vitality is very low.