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“Without the full participation of women， peace and stability cannot be achieved.” Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka， the Executive Director of UN Women， said on a conference of the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women （UNCSW） in March.
“没有女性的全面参与，和平和稳定是不可能实现的。”联合国妇女署执行主任姆兰博·努卡在3月份一次联合国妇女地位委员会上这样说道。
Take South Sudan a country always suffering from wars as an example， after decades of chaos， it won the national independence. However， at the end of 2013， after only two and a half year of independence， because of the political conflicts between President Salva Kiir Mayardit and the former Vice President Riek Machar， incidents of violence happened there and expended to areas at the south of the capital Juba， which led to severe national political and security crisis. At present， there are 700，000 people are destitute and homeless.
以饱受战火之苦的南苏丹为例，在经过几十年的混乱后，南苏丹赢来了国家独立。然而，2013年底，仅仅独立两年半的南苏丹因总统基尔与前副总统马查尔之间的政治分歧引发了暴动，并且迅速扩大到首都朱巴以南的地区，造成了70万人流离失所，并引发了严重的全国性政治和安全危机。
When visited South Sudan in February this year， Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka saw the efforts made by the local women for bringing both sides of battles back the to the negotiating table to get a ceasefire agreement and letting peace return to the country. She believes that women are playing a fundamental role in the national liberation of South Sudan and they should take part in the making of political decisions and the development of peace. Their basic rights and interests should not be overlooked. The peaceful construction can only be realized with the participation of women.
姆兰博·努卡在2014年2月份访问南苏丹时，看到当地女性在为使争斗双方重回谈判桌，促成停火协议，让和平重回苏丹等方面所作出的努力。她认为南苏丹的女性在国家解放中起到基础性作用，并且女性需要参与到政治决策、制订和平进展，保证女性的基本权益不会被忽视。同样和平建设需要女性的参与才能达成。
Women-victims in wars
and chaos
女性——战争动乱中的受害者
Because of marginalization in certain societies， poor economic conditions and meager access to education ， women often suffered more when their countries are experiencing wars and chaos.
Besides death， another factor which causes huge physiological and psychological harm to women is sexual violence. In the eastern area of Democratic Republic of the Congo， tens of thousands of women are raped and implemented with brutal violence. The perpetrators include militias， armed forces， members of the army and civilians involved in military conflicts. According to the survey of the local health center of UN in South Kivu， 40 women are raped every day. While the past experience shows that， a report of one rape case means 10 to 20 cases are concealed. From 2005 to 2007， in South Kivu， 14200 women were raped， which was only the recorded number. In North Kivu， there is even no complete statistical data. Violence against women is also violence against the society as a whole. Sexual violence often is used as a form of terrorism or weapon against society.. During the turmoil in Libya in 2013， the Chief Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court charged the former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi of suspected implementation of gang rape on women of the opposite faction and the use of drugs for stimulating soldiers insulting women. Many international armed groups are of suspected use of gang rape， like the Lord's Resistance Army in Uganda and the military organizations in Democratic Republic of the Congo and Central African Republic.
一直以来，女性因为生理弱势、社会观念、经济水平、教育因素等综合原因，往往在国家经历战争或动乱时，受到的伤害更大。
除去死亡外，对女性生理和心理造成巨大伤害的就是性暴力了。在刚果民主共和国的东部地区，上万名的女性遭到强奸，被实施残忍的暴力。施行暴力的有参与军事冲突的民兵、武装力量、军队成员、还有平民。据联合国在南基伍省当地的健康中心发布的调查报告指出，平均每天有40名妇女被强奸。而以往的经验表明，每有1起强奸案被上报，就意味着有10到20起强奸案被瞒报。2005年到2007年间，在南基伍省，有14，200名妇女及少女被强奸，这仅仅是当地记录在案的数字。在北基伍省，甚至连一个完整的统计数据也没有。可以说，针对妇女的暴力也是针对整个社会的暴力。
而性暴力还常被当做恐怖主义或武器施加于无辜的整个社会。在2013年动荡的利比亚局势中，国际刑事法院首席检察官指控当时利比亚领导人卡扎菲涉嫌对反对派女性实施集体强奸，甚至使用药物刺激士兵侮辱女性。涉嫌使用集体强奸的国际武装组织也不在少数，比如乌干达的“圣灵抵抗军”、刚果（金）和中非共和国的军事组织等。
But the damages to women caused by violence are far more than this. The consequence of sexual violence can be disastrous， not only physically but also emotionally and psychologically. Mood disorders and mental health problems may cast a shadow over the rest of their lives. Abortion， infertility， difficulty of pregnant， tubal pain and urinary incontinence are some such problems. The most horrible thing is that， rape would increase the risks of HIV infection for them. What’s more， rape would potentially cause victims to be rejected by their parents， husbands and the society.
In areas of wars and chaos， the help provided by law for women is limited. Aminah is a 15-year-old girl in Democratic Republic of the Congo， but she has already gotten a baby. In August， 2012， she was raped by anti-government militants in North Kivu and she wanted to personally testify against those people who made her lost the virginity. When reported the tragic story of the little girl， Washington Post believed that Aminah maybe need to wait for long time. Even if the rapists are arrested， usually they will be released after a few days， which is one of the reasons for the rampant rapists. “High illiteracy rates， poverty and government corruption make women much more easily stuck in the difficult situation” said Hazard Joseph， who once worked at the United Nations Children's Fund in Pakistan.
而暴行对女性造成的伤害不仅仅如此。性暴力所带来的后果是灾难性的：受害者在生理和心理上都会出现很多问题。情绪障碍和精神健康方面的问题将给她们的余生蒙上阴影。流产、不孕、难孕、输卵管疼痛以及小便失禁等病症会让她们极为痛苦。最为可怕的是，她们还会因此而增大感染艾滋病的风险。更为糟糕的是，强奸还有可能会让她们遭到丈夫、父母以及社会的排斥。 在战争动乱地区，法律对女性的援助往往是有限的。阿米娜是刚果（金）一个十五岁的女孩，却已经有了孩子。2012年8月，她在北基伍省遭到了反政府武装分子的强奸，她希望能够在法庭上亲自指证那些让她失去贞操的人。《华盛顿邮报》在报道这个小姑娘的悲剧时，就表示阿米娜的等待或许需要很长时间。就算强奸犯被缉拿归案，通常过几天后就会被释放出来，这也是让强奸犯横行的原因之一。“女性高文盲率、经济上的贫困、政府腐败，在社会动乱情况下，更容易陷入困难境地。”曾在巴基斯坦联合国儿童基金会工作的夏哈扎德·约瑟夫如是表示。
More women take part in the peace process
更多女性参与和平进程
For countries in chaotic areas， when they are on the path of independence and freedom， more and more women there take part in the process of safeguarding the peace and stability of their countries and even participate in political election and decision-making. Like another country suffering from continuous wars-Afghanistan. In the 2014 president election， the number of newly registered voters increased to 3.6 million； approximately 1/3 of them were women.. It remains to be seen how many women are elected into the provincial councils， and next year’s Parliamentary elections will also provide another opportunity for women to be represented in the national political machinery. But more importantly， the commitment of the newly elected government to support and further promote the gains achieved over the past 12 years for women in Afghanistan will be critical.
According to the reports from UN and Golabl Times， in order to create a safe environment for women to vote， 40% of Afghanistan’s 21000 polling places got special settings for women. Staffs at the polling places included women who were trained as security body searchers for female voters. TV and radio promoted the importance of women to vote. On April 5th， the general election day， Sally watts， a female voter said in the interview that， “if we do not vote， we will lose the chance to speak for ourselves. We hope our choice can make Afghanistan a better place in the future.” Shamali， another female voter said that， “the reason why I came here to vote is to encourage women to break the silence and step forward bravely. If they do not vote for themselves， they should cast a sacred vote for the next generation.”
纵观战乱地区的国家，她们在走向独立自由的同时，更多的女性逐渐加入到维护国家和平与稳定的进程中来，甚至参与政治选举、决策决定中。比如另一个战火不断的国家——阿富汗。在2014年的总统选举中，阿富汗新注册的选民增加到360万，其中约有三分之一为女性。到底会有多少女性在省议会的选举中胜出还有待观察。对女性来说，明年大选又是一个参与国家政治治理的机会。但更重要的是，新当选的政府继续支持和推进12年来女权运动的成果。
据悉，为了方便女性参与投票选举，阿富汗21，000个投票点中的40%为女性做了特别的设置。阿富汗对包括女性在内的投票点工作人员提供了培训，电视和广播配合大选对女性参与投票的重要性加以宣传。在4月5日大选当天，女性选民莎瓦兹在接受媒体采访时表示，“如果不投票，就丧失了发出声音的机会。我们渴望自己的选择使阿富汗的未来变得更好”。一名叫萨马利的女性选民也表示，“我今天来这里投票，就是希望女性们打破沉默，迈出勇敢的一步。如果她们不愿为自己投票，至少也应该为下一代投出神圣一票。”
Ensuring women’s participation in decision-making， whether at the national， sub national， community or family level， is a critical step towards gender equality socially. Having a voice in any decision-making process enriches gender equality and thereby the social contract， inclusive governance， and national development. 在保障女性参与制订决策的问题上，无论是在国家层面还是省市层面，社区或家庭都是实现社会性别平等至关重要的一步。在任何决策上，女性都有发言权，这将丰富性别平等的意义，从而推动国家治理和各方面的发展。
The international community supports the protection of women’s rights and interests
国际社会引导妇女权益保护
The international community’s concern on women in conflict zones has made international organizations， charity groups， non-governmental organizations， community organizations and media become indispensable active powers for advocating and supporting women’s rights and interests. However， it is civil society that should be empowered to find the path to gender equality； external influences can suggest and support change， but the change will happen from within the society.
UN Women Afghanistan Country Office （ACO） said to the reporter that its work of supporting women in the country is focusing on three programmatic areas： Political and Economic Empowerment， Elimination of Violence Against Women （EVAW）， and Coordination and Advocacy. The focus of UN Women’s Political Empowerment Program is to advocate for women’s political rights through strengthening women’s leadership capacities and raising awareness amongst all Afghans of women’s political rights. The UN Women ACO supports the Afghan Government and non-governmental organizations with the implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women （CEDAW） UN Security Council Resolution 1325 and related resolutions， and overall awareness of women’s rights in all spheres of life. . They also trained university students and female candidates of provincial council on UN SCR 1325， CEDAW， the Elimination of Violence Against Women Law and Parliamentary acts. The UN Women ACO also has supported ICT centers where women can learn skills that improve their employment profile.
随着国际社会对战乱地区女性的关注，国际组织、慈善团体、非政府组织、社区组织及媒体在对女性权益的倡导和支持方面，均是难以缺少的积极力量。
联合国妇女署阿富汗事务部在接受采访时告诉记者，为支持阿富汗女性的工作，他们目前主要从政府经济赋权、消除针对女性的暴力和开展女性合作宣传三个方面进行。妇女署政治赋权项目通过加强女性领导力和权利意识来倡导女性的政治权利。在目前的工作中，妇女署阿富汗事务部支持阿富汗政府和非政府组织对国际公约《消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约》的发展和履行，发布了《阿富汗妇女口述历史报告》、对大学生和省议会女性候选人就联合国1325号决议、《消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约》、《阿富汗消除针对妇女暴力法》以及其他省议会法案的培训。另外妇女署阿富汗事务部还支持当地的培训中心为女性提供技能培训，提高女性就业水平。
In order to make sure the equal access to economic activities for women， The UN Women ACO commissioned and published the “Women's Economic Empowerment Report”， compiled four comprehensive training manuals and supported the women’s economic security and rights strategy and implementation plan being developed by the Government. UN Women recently expanded its support to 13 Women Protection Centers in 11 provinces， providing safety and services to women and girls who are victims of violence. It is also working in partnership with the World Health Organization （WHO） and the United Nations Population Fund （UNFPA） to provide financial and technical support towards the development and use of a gender-based violence （GBV） treatment protocol to be implemented by first responders to victims of GBV. . The UN Women ACO provides support to the Ministry of Women’s Affairs （MoWA） in its efforts to ensure implementation of the EVAW Law， through EVAW Commissions. The UN Women ACO also provides the technical and financial support to the High Commission and several Provincial Commissions. It also created the opportunity for 10 Afghan women to take part in the legal reform processes through establishing the Technical Gender Working Group， and has convened conferences on gender and justice in Islam. By inviting experts， both national and international， to express opinions and discuss issues， it helps the civil society to improve its understanding and its work in supporting women’s rights and interests in legal reform. Since the end of 2013， the UN Women ACO has supported the creation of the Civil Society Exchange， bringin together Afghan Civil Society Organizations to discuss and support women’s participation in the elections Members volunteer their time， and to date the Civil Society Exchange has issued one press release and held its first press conference and will continue to improve the public’s legal awareness for fair and transparent elections. Roshan Siraan， a famous feminist activist in Afghanistan said that， “women need to know about their power and we are working through CSE to motivate women to extensively participate in this national process as voters and candidates.”
在确保女性平等参与经济活动上，妇女署阿富汗事务部定期发布女性经济赋权报告、编写了四本综合培训手册、协助阿富汗妇女部妇女经济安全和权益计划的实施等。目前，妇女署阿富汗事务部扩大了对阿富汗11个省的十三个妇女保护中心的支持，向遭受暴力侵害的妇女和儿童提供安保和其他方面的服务。同时，该事务部与世界卫生组织和联合国人口基金会合作，为阿富汗女性提供资金和技术支持，制定基于性别暴力治疗的方案，开展相关调查。此外，事务部还支持阿富汗女性权益部门的工作，确保《消除针对妇女暴力法》的实施；通过设立性别工作小组，帮助了10名阿富汗女性加入到法律改革的进程中；邀请国内外专家学者举办讨论会议，帮助国内公民社会组织在法律改革中表达妇女权益。
自2013年末以来，妇女署阿富汗事务部就一直在协助阿富汗公民社会组织就女性参与政治选举开展对话沟通。“民生社会交流行动”目前已经进行了一次媒体发布和召开了一次新闻发布会，并将继续就公正透明的选举提升公众的法律意识。阿富汗著名女权活动家罗山·丝蓝表示，“女性应该清楚知道自身合法权益，我们通过民生社会交流行动来激发更多的女性，不管作为选举人也好还是被选举人，参与到国家政治选举中来。”
When referring to the most powerful weapon for protecting women， the UN Women believes that education is key to social change and social development everywhere. The improvement of education level and increase of numbers of people receiving education can help communities understand the need for rule of law and societal mores， hold officials accountable for the implementation of the law and protect the legal rights and interests of women. Without the protection of women’s rights and interests， national peace， stability and development are hard to be achieved as well.
A substantive change in the protection of women’s status and rights of the whole society still needs the efforts made by generation after generation. Gender equality is a process of societal change， and must be given the space and time to take place， during which time duty-bearers must ensure the protection of rights.
谈及什么是保护女性最强大的武器，妇女署认为，教育水平的上升和接受教育人群的增加，能使社区重视法律和道德，从而督促法律的实施，保护女性的合法权益。没有对女性权益的保护，国家和平与稳定以及发展同样难以实现。
要让整个社会在女性地位、权利保护上有实质性的改变，还需要一代又一代人的努力。性别平等是社会变革的一个过程，必须有足够的空间和时间，而在这个过程中，社会责任人的合法权益必须得到保护。
“没有女性的全面参与，和平和稳定是不可能实现的。”联合国妇女署执行主任姆兰博·努卡在3月份一次联合国妇女地位委员会上这样说道。
Take South Sudan a country always suffering from wars as an example， after decades of chaos， it won the national independence. However， at the end of 2013， after only two and a half year of independence， because of the political conflicts between President Salva Kiir Mayardit and the former Vice President Riek Machar， incidents of violence happened there and expended to areas at the south of the capital Juba， which led to severe national political and security crisis. At present， there are 700，000 people are destitute and homeless.
以饱受战火之苦的南苏丹为例，在经过几十年的混乱后，南苏丹赢来了国家独立。然而，2013年底，仅仅独立两年半的南苏丹因总统基尔与前副总统马查尔之间的政治分歧引发了暴动，并且迅速扩大到首都朱巴以南的地区，造成了70万人流离失所，并引发了严重的全国性政治和安全危机。
When visited South Sudan in February this year， Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka saw the efforts made by the local women for bringing both sides of battles back the to the negotiating table to get a ceasefire agreement and letting peace return to the country. She believes that women are playing a fundamental role in the national liberation of South Sudan and they should take part in the making of political decisions and the development of peace. Their basic rights and interests should not be overlooked. The peaceful construction can only be realized with the participation of women.
姆兰博·努卡在2014年2月份访问南苏丹时，看到当地女性在为使争斗双方重回谈判桌，促成停火协议，让和平重回苏丹等方面所作出的努力。她认为南苏丹的女性在国家解放中起到基础性作用，并且女性需要参与到政治决策、制订和平进展，保证女性的基本权益不会被忽视。同样和平建设需要女性的参与才能达成。
Women-victims in wars
and chaos
女性——战争动乱中的受害者
Because of marginalization in certain societies， poor economic conditions and meager access to education ， women often suffered more when their countries are experiencing wars and chaos.
Besides death， another factor which causes huge physiological and psychological harm to women is sexual violence. In the eastern area of Democratic Republic of the Congo， tens of thousands of women are raped and implemented with brutal violence. The perpetrators include militias， armed forces， members of the army and civilians involved in military conflicts. According to the survey of the local health center of UN in South Kivu， 40 women are raped every day. While the past experience shows that， a report of one rape case means 10 to 20 cases are concealed. From 2005 to 2007， in South Kivu， 14200 women were raped， which was only the recorded number. In North Kivu， there is even no complete statistical data. Violence against women is also violence against the society as a whole. Sexual violence often is used as a form of terrorism or weapon against society.. During the turmoil in Libya in 2013， the Chief Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court charged the former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi of suspected implementation of gang rape on women of the opposite faction and the use of drugs for stimulating soldiers insulting women. Many international armed groups are of suspected use of gang rape， like the Lord's Resistance Army in Uganda and the military organizations in Democratic Republic of the Congo and Central African Republic.
一直以来，女性因为生理弱势、社会观念、经济水平、教育因素等综合原因，往往在国家经历战争或动乱时，受到的伤害更大。
除去死亡外，对女性生理和心理造成巨大伤害的就是性暴力了。在刚果民主共和国的东部地区，上万名的女性遭到强奸，被实施残忍的暴力。施行暴力的有参与军事冲突的民兵、武装力量、军队成员、还有平民。据联合国在南基伍省当地的健康中心发布的调查报告指出，平均每天有40名妇女被强奸。而以往的经验表明，每有1起强奸案被上报，就意味着有10到20起强奸案被瞒报。2005年到2007年间，在南基伍省，有14，200名妇女及少女被强奸，这仅仅是当地记录在案的数字。在北基伍省，甚至连一个完整的统计数据也没有。可以说，针对妇女的暴力也是针对整个社会的暴力。
而性暴力还常被当做恐怖主义或武器施加于无辜的整个社会。在2013年动荡的利比亚局势中，国际刑事法院首席检察官指控当时利比亚领导人卡扎菲涉嫌对反对派女性实施集体强奸，甚至使用药物刺激士兵侮辱女性。涉嫌使用集体强奸的国际武装组织也不在少数，比如乌干达的“圣灵抵抗军”、刚果（金）和中非共和国的军事组织等。
But the damages to women caused by violence are far more than this. The consequence of sexual violence can be disastrous， not only physically but also emotionally and psychologically. Mood disorders and mental health problems may cast a shadow over the rest of their lives. Abortion， infertility， difficulty of pregnant， tubal pain and urinary incontinence are some such problems. The most horrible thing is that， rape would increase the risks of HIV infection for them. What’s more， rape would potentially cause victims to be rejected by their parents， husbands and the society.
In areas of wars and chaos， the help provided by law for women is limited. Aminah is a 15-year-old girl in Democratic Republic of the Congo， but she has already gotten a baby. In August， 2012， she was raped by anti-government militants in North Kivu and she wanted to personally testify against those people who made her lost the virginity. When reported the tragic story of the little girl， Washington Post believed that Aminah maybe need to wait for long time. Even if the rapists are arrested， usually they will be released after a few days， which is one of the reasons for the rampant rapists. “High illiteracy rates， poverty and government corruption make women much more easily stuck in the difficult situation” said Hazard Joseph， who once worked at the United Nations Children's Fund in Pakistan.
而暴行对女性造成的伤害不仅仅如此。性暴力所带来的后果是灾难性的：受害者在生理和心理上都会出现很多问题。情绪障碍和精神健康方面的问题将给她们的余生蒙上阴影。流产、不孕、难孕、输卵管疼痛以及小便失禁等病症会让她们极为痛苦。最为可怕的是，她们还会因此而增大感染艾滋病的风险。更为糟糕的是，强奸还有可能会让她们遭到丈夫、父母以及社会的排斥。 在战争动乱地区，法律对女性的援助往往是有限的。阿米娜是刚果（金）一个十五岁的女孩，却已经有了孩子。2012年8月，她在北基伍省遭到了反政府武装分子的强奸，她希望能够在法庭上亲自指证那些让她失去贞操的人。《华盛顿邮报》在报道这个小姑娘的悲剧时，就表示阿米娜的等待或许需要很长时间。就算强奸犯被缉拿归案，通常过几天后就会被释放出来，这也是让强奸犯横行的原因之一。“女性高文盲率、经济上的贫困、政府腐败，在社会动乱情况下，更容易陷入困难境地。”曾在巴基斯坦联合国儿童基金会工作的夏哈扎德·约瑟夫如是表示。
More women take part in the peace process
更多女性参与和平进程
For countries in chaotic areas， when they are on the path of independence and freedom， more and more women there take part in the process of safeguarding the peace and stability of their countries and even participate in political election and decision-making. Like another country suffering from continuous wars-Afghanistan. In the 2014 president election， the number of newly registered voters increased to 3.6 million； approximately 1/3 of them were women.. It remains to be seen how many women are elected into the provincial councils， and next year’s Parliamentary elections will also provide another opportunity for women to be represented in the national political machinery. But more importantly， the commitment of the newly elected government to support and further promote the gains achieved over the past 12 years for women in Afghanistan will be critical.
According to the reports from UN and Golabl Times， in order to create a safe environment for women to vote， 40% of Afghanistan’s 21000 polling places got special settings for women. Staffs at the polling places included women who were trained as security body searchers for female voters. TV and radio promoted the importance of women to vote. On April 5th， the general election day， Sally watts， a female voter said in the interview that， “if we do not vote， we will lose the chance to speak for ourselves. We hope our choice can make Afghanistan a better place in the future.” Shamali， another female voter said that， “the reason why I came here to vote is to encourage women to break the silence and step forward bravely. If they do not vote for themselves， they should cast a sacred vote for the next generation.”
纵观战乱地区的国家，她们在走向独立自由的同时，更多的女性逐渐加入到维护国家和平与稳定的进程中来，甚至参与政治选举、决策决定中。比如另一个战火不断的国家——阿富汗。在2014年的总统选举中，阿富汗新注册的选民增加到360万，其中约有三分之一为女性。到底会有多少女性在省议会的选举中胜出还有待观察。对女性来说，明年大选又是一个参与国家政治治理的机会。但更重要的是，新当选的政府继续支持和推进12年来女权运动的成果。
据悉，为了方便女性参与投票选举，阿富汗21，000个投票点中的40%为女性做了特别的设置。阿富汗对包括女性在内的投票点工作人员提供了培训，电视和广播配合大选对女性参与投票的重要性加以宣传。在4月5日大选当天，女性选民莎瓦兹在接受媒体采访时表示，“如果不投票，就丧失了发出声音的机会。我们渴望自己的选择使阿富汗的未来变得更好”。一名叫萨马利的女性选民也表示，“我今天来这里投票，就是希望女性们打破沉默，迈出勇敢的一步。如果她们不愿为自己投票，至少也应该为下一代投出神圣一票。”
Ensuring women’s participation in decision-making， whether at the national， sub national， community or family level， is a critical step towards gender equality socially. Having a voice in any decision-making process enriches gender equality and thereby the social contract， inclusive governance， and national development. 在保障女性参与制订决策的问题上，无论是在国家层面还是省市层面，社区或家庭都是实现社会性别平等至关重要的一步。在任何决策上，女性都有发言权，这将丰富性别平等的意义，从而推动国家治理和各方面的发展。
The international community supports the protection of women’s rights and interests
国际社会引导妇女权益保护
The international community’s concern on women in conflict zones has made international organizations， charity groups， non-governmental organizations， community organizations and media become indispensable active powers for advocating and supporting women’s rights and interests. However， it is civil society that should be empowered to find the path to gender equality； external influences can suggest and support change， but the change will happen from within the society.
UN Women Afghanistan Country Office （ACO） said to the reporter that its work of supporting women in the country is focusing on three programmatic areas： Political and Economic Empowerment， Elimination of Violence Against Women （EVAW）， and Coordination and Advocacy. The focus of UN Women’s Political Empowerment Program is to advocate for women’s political rights through strengthening women’s leadership capacities and raising awareness amongst all Afghans of women’s political rights. The UN Women ACO supports the Afghan Government and non-governmental organizations with the implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women （CEDAW） UN Security Council Resolution 1325 and related resolutions， and overall awareness of women’s rights in all spheres of life. . They also trained university students and female candidates of provincial council on UN SCR 1325， CEDAW， the Elimination of Violence Against Women Law and Parliamentary acts. The UN Women ACO also has supported ICT centers where women can learn skills that improve their employment profile.
随着国际社会对战乱地区女性的关注，国际组织、慈善团体、非政府组织、社区组织及媒体在对女性权益的倡导和支持方面，均是难以缺少的积极力量。
联合国妇女署阿富汗事务部在接受采访时告诉记者，为支持阿富汗女性的工作，他们目前主要从政府经济赋权、消除针对女性的暴力和开展女性合作宣传三个方面进行。妇女署政治赋权项目通过加强女性领导力和权利意识来倡导女性的政治权利。在目前的工作中，妇女署阿富汗事务部支持阿富汗政府和非政府组织对国际公约《消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约》的发展和履行，发布了《阿富汗妇女口述历史报告》、对大学生和省议会女性候选人就联合国1325号决议、《消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约》、《阿富汗消除针对妇女暴力法》以及其他省议会法案的培训。另外妇女署阿富汗事务部还支持当地的培训中心为女性提供技能培训，提高女性就业水平。
In order to make sure the equal access to economic activities for women， The UN Women ACO commissioned and published the “Women's Economic Empowerment Report”， compiled four comprehensive training manuals and supported the women’s economic security and rights strategy and implementation plan being developed by the Government. UN Women recently expanded its support to 13 Women Protection Centers in 11 provinces， providing safety and services to women and girls who are victims of violence. It is also working in partnership with the World Health Organization （WHO） and the United Nations Population Fund （UNFPA） to provide financial and technical support towards the development and use of a gender-based violence （GBV） treatment protocol to be implemented by first responders to victims of GBV. . The UN Women ACO provides support to the Ministry of Women’s Affairs （MoWA） in its efforts to ensure implementation of the EVAW Law， through EVAW Commissions. The UN Women ACO also provides the technical and financial support to the High Commission and several Provincial Commissions. It also created the opportunity for 10 Afghan women to take part in the legal reform processes through establishing the Technical Gender Working Group， and has convened conferences on gender and justice in Islam. By inviting experts， both national and international， to express opinions and discuss issues， it helps the civil society to improve its understanding and its work in supporting women’s rights and interests in legal reform. Since the end of 2013， the UN Women ACO has supported the creation of the Civil Society Exchange， bringin together Afghan Civil Society Organizations to discuss and support women’s participation in the elections Members volunteer their time， and to date the Civil Society Exchange has issued one press release and held its first press conference and will continue to improve the public’s legal awareness for fair and transparent elections. Roshan Siraan， a famous feminist activist in Afghanistan said that， “women need to know about their power and we are working through CSE to motivate women to extensively participate in this national process as voters and candidates.”
在确保女性平等参与经济活动上，妇女署阿富汗事务部定期发布女性经济赋权报告、编写了四本综合培训手册、协助阿富汗妇女部妇女经济安全和权益计划的实施等。目前，妇女署阿富汗事务部扩大了对阿富汗11个省的十三个妇女保护中心的支持，向遭受暴力侵害的妇女和儿童提供安保和其他方面的服务。同时，该事务部与世界卫生组织和联合国人口基金会合作，为阿富汗女性提供资金和技术支持，制定基于性别暴力治疗的方案，开展相关调查。此外，事务部还支持阿富汗女性权益部门的工作，确保《消除针对妇女暴力法》的实施；通过设立性别工作小组，帮助了10名阿富汗女性加入到法律改革的进程中；邀请国内外专家学者举办讨论会议，帮助国内公民社会组织在法律改革中表达妇女权益。
自2013年末以来，妇女署阿富汗事务部就一直在协助阿富汗公民社会组织就女性参与政治选举开展对话沟通。“民生社会交流行动”目前已经进行了一次媒体发布和召开了一次新闻发布会，并将继续就公正透明的选举提升公众的法律意识。阿富汗著名女权活动家罗山·丝蓝表示，“女性应该清楚知道自身合法权益，我们通过民生社会交流行动来激发更多的女性，不管作为选举人也好还是被选举人，参与到国家政治选举中来。”
When referring to the most powerful weapon for protecting women， the UN Women believes that education is key to social change and social development everywhere. The improvement of education level and increase of numbers of people receiving education can help communities understand the need for rule of law and societal mores， hold officials accountable for the implementation of the law and protect the legal rights and interests of women. Without the protection of women’s rights and interests， national peace， stability and development are hard to be achieved as well.
A substantive change in the protection of women’s status and rights of the whole society still needs the efforts made by generation after generation. Gender equality is a process of societal change， and must be given the space and time to take place， during which time duty-bearers must ensure the protection of rights.
谈及什么是保护女性最强大的武器，妇女署认为，教育水平的上升和接受教育人群的增加，能使社区重视法律和道德，从而督促法律的实施，保护女性的合法权益。没有对女性权益的保护，国家和平与稳定以及发展同样难以实现。
要让整个社会在女性地位、权利保护上有实质性的改变，还需要一代又一代人的努力。性别平等是社会变革的一个过程，必须有足够的空间和时间，而在这个过程中，社会责任人的合法权益必须得到保护。