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目的研究老年人群中甲状腺结节的发病情况,了解结节特征及其与甲状腺功能的关系。方法对150例65岁以上老年人行甲状腺B超检查,同时测定甲状腺功能(T3、T4、TSH)。结果 150例老年人中,检出甲状腺结节62例,检出率为41.3%。其中65～70岁检出28例,占检出者45.2%;70岁以上检出34例,占检出者54.8%。70岁以上组检出率明显高于65～70岁组(P<0.05)。女性检出结节30例,检出率44.8%;男性检出结节32例,检出率38.6%,女性甲状腺结节检出率明显高于男性(P<0.05)。检出结节以多发(59.8%)、直径≤1.0cm的小结节(67.3%)为主。20例患者手术后病理证实:12例为甲状腺腺瘤、7例为甲状腺囊肿、1例为甲状腺乳头状癌。结节组与未检出结节组相比较,甲状腺功能测定差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论老年人甲状腺结节发病率高,随年龄增长发病率增加,女性发病率高于男性。甲状腺结节不引起严重的甲状腺功能异常,应重视老年人甲状腺结节的早期诊断及治疗。
Objective To study the incidence of thyroid nodules in the elderly and understand the features of nodules and their relationship with thyroid function. Methods 150 cases of elderly people over the age of 65 underwent thyroid ultrasound examination, simultaneous determination of thyroid function (T3, T4, TSH). Results Of 150 elderly people, 62 cases of thyroid nodules were detected, the detection rate was 41.3%. Among them, 28 cases were detected in 65-70 years old, accounting for 45.2% of those detected; 34 cases were detected above 70 years old, accounting for 54.8% of those detected. The detection rate in the group over 70 years old was significantly higher than that in the group 65 ~ 70 years old (P <0.05). Thirty cases were found in women, the detection rate was 44.8%; 32 cases were detected in male, the detection rate was 38.6%. The detection rate of thyroid nodules in women was significantly higher than that in men (P <0.05). The detected nodules were mainly multiple nodules (59.8%) and small nodules (diameter less than 1.0cm) (67.3%). Pathological examination of 20 patients confirmed thyroid adenoma in 12 cases, thyroid cyst in 7 cases and thyroid papillary carcinoma in 1 case. There was no significant difference in thyroid function between nodules and nodules (P> 0.05). Conclusion The incidence of thyroid nodules in the elderly is high, with the increasing incidence of age, the incidence of women is higher than that of men. Thyroid nodules do not cause serious thyroid dysfunction, should pay attention to the elderly early diagnosis and treatment of thyroid nodules.