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目的探讨三甲基氯化锡(TMT)的吸收、分布、排泄规律。方法取SD大鼠108只,雌雄各半,随机分为18组,每组雌雄各3只。第1组为空白对照组,生理盐水灌胃后立即眼眶采血,第2~18组灌胃给予TMT 10mg/kg,分别在染毒后10min、20min、30 min、1h、2 h、3 h、4 h、6 h、8 h、12 h、24 h、3 d、6 d、9 d、12 d、28 d、90 d共17个时间点经眼眶采血并采集主要脏器。另取SD大鼠10只,灌胃给予TMT 10 mg/kg,收集染毒前连续12 h及染毒后第1、2、3、6、9、12、18、28、40、55、70、90天共13个时间段连续24 h的尿液。用GC-MS测定血液、组织、尿液中TMT的含量,用3P87软件计算毒代参数。结果 (1)吸收:大鼠灌胃TMT后,全血和血浆半吸收期分别为0.16 h和0.21 h;清除率分别为1.77×10-4L/(kg·h)和0.03 L/(kg·h);消除半减期分别为15 d和10 d。(2)分布:灌胃后10 min组织中即可检测到TMT,6 h达到峰值;红细胞中TMT浓度远高于各主要脏器,且红细胞>脾>肝>肾>心。TMT在组织中消除半减期为10 d,RBC达16.53 d。(3)排泄:TMT经尿液排泄较缓慢,尿TMT第6天最高,第90天仍可检测到TMT。结论大鼠灌胃给予TMT染毒后,TMT可被快速吸收,迅速分布在红细胞内,可通过血脑屏障进入脑,缓慢经尿排出。
Objective To investigate the absorption, distribution and excretion of trimethyltin chloride (TMT). Methods One hundred and eight SD rats were randomly divided into 18 groups, 3 male and 3 female in each group. The first group was blank control group, and the orbital blood was collected immediately after intragastric administration of saline. Groups 2 to 18 were administered with 10 mg / kg TMT by intragastric administration for 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, Blood samples were taken from the orbital foramen at 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, 6 days, 9 days, 12 days, 28 days and 90 days. Another 10 SD rats were given intragastrically TMT 10 mg / kg, collected for 12 h before exposure and 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 28, 40, , 90 days a total of 13 time periods of urine for 24 h. The contents of TMT in blood, tissue and urine were determined by GC-MS, and the toxicity parameters were calculated by 3P87 software. Results (1) Absorption: The half-absorption period of whole blood and plasma was 0.16 h and 0.21 h respectively after TMT administration in rats; the clearance rate was 1.77 × 10-4 L / (kg · h) and 0.03 L / (kg · h). The half-elimination period was 15 days and 10 days respectively. (2) Distribution: Ten minutes after intragastric administration, TMT could be detected in tissue and peaked at 6 hours. TMT concentration in erythrocytes was much higher than that in major organs, and erythrocytes> spleen> liver> kidney> heart. TMT in the organization to eliminate the half-period of 10 d, RBC reached 16.53 d. (3) excretion: TMT excretion through the urine more slowly, the highest urinary TMT 6 days, the first 90 days can still detect TMT. Conclusion TMT can be quickly absorbed by TMT in rats, rapidly distributed in erythrocytes, can enter the brain through the blood-brain barrier, and slowly excreted through the urine.