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目的探讨阿奇霉素对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)模型大鼠气道炎症的预防作用。方法 48只Wistar大鼠随机分为模型对照组、左氧氟沙星组、阿奇霉素组和空白对照组,每组12只。空白对照组正常饲养;其他三组采用烟熏联合气管内滴入脂多糖1个月建立大鼠COPD模型;阿奇霉素组和左氧氟沙星组大鼠每日烟熏前30min分别给予阿奇霉素50mg/kg和左氧氟沙星50mg/kg灌胃。1个月后,观察每组大鼠肺组织病理变化,采用ELISA法测定肺组织中IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α含量,检测动脉血气,并对大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液进行细胞分类和计数。结果模型对照组大鼠符合COPD组织病理学改变。与左氧氟沙星组和模型对照组比较,阿奇霉素组肺平均内衬间隔和肺组织破坏指数降低,每个视野平均肺泡数增高(P<0.01),BALF中性粒细胞百分比减少(P<0.01),肺组织IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α含量降低(P<0.05)。结论阿奇霉素能减轻气道炎症反应。其机制可能与抑制中性粒细胞聚集与活化和减少炎症细胞分泌IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α等炎症介质有关。
Objective To investigate the preventive effect of azithromycin on airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) model rats. Methods 48 Wistar rats were randomly divided into model control group, levofloxacin group, azithromycin group and blank control group, with 12 rats in each group. The other three groups were treated with smoking and intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide for one month to establish the model of COPD in rats. The rats in azithromycin group and levofloxacin group were treated with azithromycin 50 mg / kg and levofloxacin 50 mg / kg gavage. One month later, the pathological changes of the lung tissue in each group were observed. The levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in the lung tissue were detected by ELISA. The arterial blood gas was detected and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid Classification and counting. Results The model control rats were consistent with the histopathological changes of COPD. Compared with the levofloxacin group and the model control group, the average lined interval and lung tissue destruction index in the azithromycin group decreased, the average alveolar number increased in each field (P <0.01), the percentage of BALF neutrophils decreased (P <0.01), the lung The levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were decreased (P <0.05). Conclusion Azithromycin can reduce airway inflammation. The mechanism may be related to inhibiting the aggregation and activation of neutrophils and reducing the secretion of inflammatory mediators such as IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α by inflammatory cells.