论文部分内容阅读
溃疡性结肠炎(Ulcerative colitis)或称慢性非特异性溃疡性结肠炎(Nonspecific ulcerative colitis)是一种原因不明的慢性结肠炎症。病变主要位于结肠的粘膜层,以溃疡为主,多累及直肠和乙状结肠,有时遍及整个结肠。病变早期结肠粘膜呈充血、水肿、出血、颗粒状,粘膜脆弱,肠腺基底部隐窝炎,隐窝上皮损伤,中性粒细胞侵入形成隐窝脓肿,许多细小脓肿连接起来,炎症和坏死的过程扩大,就形成溃疡,周围有淋巴细胞和浆细胞浸润,慢性期粘膜多萎缩,粘膜下层瘢痕化,后期常引起假性息肉,甚至癌变。最受注意的病因是与免疫有关。有人发现血清大肠杆菌O14型的抗体能与结肠上皮抗原起交叉反应。有人从结肠组织中分离出作用于结肠粘膜上皮的抗体。但多数学者认为本病的发病既与自身免疫有关,也有遗传、感染和精神等因素的参与。
Ulcerative colitis, or chronic nonspecific ulcerative colitis, is an inflammation of chronic colitis of unknown cause. Lesions mainly located in the colon mucosa, mainly ulcers, involving the rectum and sigmoid colon, and sometimes throughout the colon. Lesions Early colonic mucosa was congestion, edema, bleeding, granular, fragile mucosa, glandular crypts at the base of the crypt, crypt epithelium injury, neutrophil invade the formation of crypt abscess, many small abscess connected, inflammation and necrosis The process of expansion, the formation of ulcers, surrounded by lymphocytes and plasma cells infiltration, mucosal atrophy of chronic mucosa, submucosal scarring, the latter often cause false polyps, and even cancer. The most notable cause is immune related. It has been found that antibodies to E. coli O14 type cross-react with colon epithelial antigens. Somebody isolated from the colon tissue acting on the colonic mucosa of the antibody. However, most scholars believe that the incidence of this disease is not only related to autoimmunity, but also genetic, infectious and mental factors.