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借助偏离度指数分析法从宏观层面研究了芜湖市辖区的就业—居住空间匹配状况的变化特点,利用问卷调查数据,从微观角度分析了市区居民通勤的时间、距离、方式及费用。研究结果表明:芜湖市就业—居住空间匹配度趋于下降,核心区为服务业就业主导区,北部以制造业就业为主导功能,南部居住功能占主导,带来各区居住人口和就业人口的空间流动。居民通勤平均距离约为4 km,平均时间约为25 min,通勤方式以电动车、公交车为主。目前,居民对就业—居住地匹配状况的满意程度总体尚好,还需要采取措施以进一步提高满意度。
With the help of the index of deviation degree, this paper studies the changing characteristics of the employment-living space in Wuhu district from the macroscopic level. Using the questionnaire survey data, it analyzes the time, distance, method and cost of commuting in urban area from the microscopic point of view. The results show that the matching degree of employment and living space in Wuhu City tends to decline, the core area is the service employment leading area, the manufacturing and employment employment is the leading function in the north, the residence function in the south is dominant, and the living and working population in the districts is increased flow. The average commuting distance of residents is about 4 km, with an average time of about 25 min. The commuting methods are mainly electric vehicles and buses. At present, residents are generally satisfied with the conditions of employment-residence matching, and measures need to be taken to further improve the level of satisfaction.