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视准线法是观测大坝水平位移的常用方法之一。但这种方法受到仪器望远镜放大倍数的限制,照准误差较大。特别是当大坝较长,气候条件较差时,观测误差有时甚至大于坝体本身的位移量,致使观测成果不能正确地反映出坝体变形昀客观规律。几年来,我们应用激光波带板和激光衍射投影成象准直系统,分别在湖北省徐家河水库,湖南酒埠江水电站进行了观测试验。实践证明,应用激光准直观测大坝水平位移,具有观测精度高,仪器结构简单,操作计算简便等优点。
The line of sight method is one of the commonly used methods for observing dam horizontal displacement. However, this method is limited by the magnification of the instrument’s telescope, and its sighting error is large. Especially when the dam is long and the climatic conditions are poor, the observation error is sometimes even larger than the displacement of the dam itself, so that the observation results can not correctly reflect the objective law of dam deformation. In recent years, we have used laser band plate and laser diffraction projection imaging collimation system, respectively, in Xujiahe Reservoir in Hubei Province, Hunan Jubujiang Hydropower Station were observed. Practice has proved that the application of laser collimation to observe the horizontal displacement of a dam has the advantages of high observation precision, simple instrument structure, simple operation calculation and so on.