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绪言稀有及分散元素近来在工业中得到了极有效的利用,因而许多极重要的工业得以迅速发展,例如原子能的利用、喷气式飞机、远距离操纵、无线电技术及自动控制等方面,都非需要利用这些元素不可。在全部已知101种元素中,稀有和分散元素就有60余种。其中关于锂、铍、锆、锗、铌、钽、钍、镧、硒、碲、铟、镓、铊、铈、铪、铼、铯、铷、镉十几种元素,按国家科学规划,应该在十二年内,查明该元素等在矿床上形成的规律,以及发现新矿,扩大原料基地。为此,首先就要弄清这些元素的地球化学情况,一般的地质产状,进而推论我国找寻这些元素的方向。
INTRODUCTION Rare and disperse elements have been used very effectively in industry recently, and many of the most important industries have developed rapidly, such as the use of atomic energy, jet aircraft, teleoperation, radio technology and automation, etc. Use these elements can not. Of all 101 known elements, there are more than 60 rare and dispersed elements. Among them, a dozen elements of lithium, beryllium, zirconium, germanium, niobium, tantalum, thorium, lanthanum, selenium, tellurium, indium, gallium, thallium, cerium, hafnium, rhenium, cesium, rubidium and cadmium, In 12 years, to identify the elements formed in the law of the deposit, as well as discover new mines, expanding raw material base. To do this, we must first understand the geochemical conditions of these elements, general geology, and then infer the direction of our search for these elements.