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绿色开花植物的营养器官生长发育到一定阶段,都要开花、传粉、受精、结实。那么有一种叫“无花果”的植物,是不是例外,可以不开花就结出果实来呢?其实不然,无花果不仅有花而且还必须靠昆虫为它完成传粉作用。如果我们把无花果新枝叶腋间的芽状物纵剖,就能看到无花果的花(单性花),既有雄花,也有雌花,它们共同着生在肥大壶状的囊壳里。这个囊壳十分发达,它是由总花托发育而成的,从外形看很象一个饱满的芽,因此看不到里面的花。果实的可食部分,实际上是由花托形成的,所以人们往往误认为是不开花而结果实。无花果一年开花两次。一次在春天(当年秋季结果);另一次在秋天(次年春后结果)。而以春天开花为主,自夏至秋可陆续采收果实。无花果的果实由总花托及其它花器官发育而成,是一种与梨、苹果类似的假果,呈扁圆形或卵形,黄白色或紫褐色,成熟后顶端开裂,肉质柔软,味甜,可生食或制果干、果酱、蜜饯等。果干可入药,有开胃止泄的功能,而且叶形美
Vegetative organs of green flowering plants grow to a certain stage, have flowering, pollination, fertilization, strong. Then there is a plant called “fig”, is not the exception, can not bear fruit to bear it? In actual fact, the fig is not only flowers but also must rely on insects for it to complete the role of pollination. If we look longitudinally in the axillary buds between the new foliage of the fig, we see fig flowers (unisexual flowers), both male and female, co-locating in the enlarged pot-shaped capsule shell. This capsule is very developed, it is developed from the total torus, looks like a full bud in appearance, so do not see the flowers inside. The edible part of the fruit is actually formed by the torus, so people often mistakenly think it is not flowering and fruiting. Fig flowering twice a year. Once in the spring (when the autumn results); another in the fall (next spring results). The main flowering in spring, from summer to autumn harvest fruit one after another. The fruit of the fig, which grows from the total receptacle and other floral organs, is a pseudo-fruit similar to pear and apple, oblate or ovate, yellowish white or purple-brown, with apical cleavage after ripening, soft flesh and sweet , Raw or dried fruit, jam, preserves and so on. Dried fruit can be medicine, appetizers stop bleeding function, and leaf-shaped beauty