分地取士是科举制度发展的必然趋势

• 作 者: 李世愉
• 机 构: 中国社会科学院历史研究所 研究员、博士生导师
• 出 处: 文化学刊
• 发表日期: 2008年01期
• 关键词: 取士 国家整体利益 选拔方式 科举取士 士子 取人 士人 会试 进士 明通榜

科举取士,体现的是一种公平公正的人才选拔方式。但是我们看到,在科举制发展的过程中,明清两代更注重分地取士。如果从完全公正的角度看,这似乎不够公正,特别是对文化发达地区的士子而言。如果从国家整体利益出发,应该肯定,分地取士有利于文化落后地区的发展,有利于全国各地区的均衡发展,而且公平公正的原则仍贯穿其中,即各个地区的人才还是要公平竞争,择优录取。

Imperial examinations, reflects a fair and impartial selection of personnel. However, we can see that in the course of the development of the imperial examination system, the Ming and Qing dynasties paid more attention to taking positions in different places. It seems unjust, if from a totally just perspective, especially for those who are in developed regions. If starting from the overall interest of the country, it should be affirmed that taking the candidates in different places is conducive to the development of the backward areas of culture and is conducive to the balanced development of all regions of the country. And the principle of fairness and justice runs through them, that is, the talents in various regions should still compete fairly, preferred selection.