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基于辽宁省阜新蒙古族自治县气象站近30年来的气象资料,应用CROPWAT模型对该地区不同降水年型(湿润年、平水年、枯水年和极枯水年)春玉米生长需水规律及灌溉制度进行了研究。结果表明:玉米生长季需水服从生育初期少、中期多、后期偏多的变化规律,需水量为479.5~593.7 mm,阶段需水量在抽穗至灌浆期达到峰值;湿润年玉米生长需水与有效降雨的耦合度最大、平水年次之、枯水年较小和极枯水年最小,对应所需补灌量分别为127.6、175.8、296.5和411.6 mm,灌溉频率依次为3、4、6和8次。研究结果为该区农业水资源的合理利用及春玉米灌溉管理提供了理论依据,可以有效地指导当地农户针对不同降水年份实施适当的灌溉。
Based on the meteorological data of meteorological stations of Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County in Liaoning Province in recent 30 years, CROPWAT model was used to study the water requirement and irrigation of spring corn under different precipitation years (wet years, flat years, dry years and extremely dry years) System has been studied. The results showed that the water requirement of maize growing season obeyed the rules of less early growth, more intermediate growth and later growth, the water requirement was 479.5-593.7 mm, and the water requirement peaked from heading to grain filling stage. The coupling degree of rainfall is the largest, followed by flat water year, the dry year is the smallest and the extremely dry year is the smallest. The corresponding supplementary irrigation amounts are 127.6, 175.8, 296.5 and 411.6 mm respectively, the irrigation frequency is 3, 4, 6 8 times. The results provide a theoretical basis for the rational utilization of agricultural water resources and spring maize irrigation management in this area, which can effectively guide local farmers to implement appropriate irrigation for different precipitation years.