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一、非平衡观的理论分析 平衡与非平衡是自然现象和社会现象都普遍存在的一对矛盾。长期以来,在人们的思想中,普遍认为平衡就是好的,非平衡就是灾难,因此,研究的重点都在平衡态,对非平衡态的研究极少涉及。近年来,随着科学技术的发展,特别是被誉为“新三论”的耗散结构论,协同学、突变论的创立,使理论研究的重点逐渐从平衡态转向非平衡态。这使非平衡理论得到了迅速发展,使人们认识到非平衡现象是一个远比平衡现象更为广泛、内容更为复杂的问题。
First, the theory of non-equilibrium view Balance and non-equilibrium are natural phenomena and social phenomena are common to a pair of contradictions. For a long time, in people’s minds, it is generally believed that the balance is good, and the unbalance is the disaster. Therefore, the research focuses on the equilibrium and the research on the non-equilibrium is rarely involved. In recent years, with the development of science and technology, especially the establishment of dissipative structure theory, synergetics and catastrophe theory known as the “new three theories”, the focus of theoretical research has gradually shifted from the equilibrium state to the non-equilibrium state. This has led to the rapid development of the theory of non-equilibrium, which has made people realize that the phenomenon of non-equilibrium is far more extensive than the equilibrium phenomenon and has a more complicated content.