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目的:观察反复力竭性游泳运动后,不同时相大鼠血清心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)与心肌组织形态学的动态改变,以评价过度运动后恢复期是否存在延迟性心肌损伤?方法:采用经典的Thomas的方法,通过力竭性游泳运动建立运动性心肌损伤实验动物模型。将无训练的87只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为安静对照组和力竭性运动后即刻组、3 h组、6 h组、12 h组、24 h组、48 h组和96 h组。分别于末次运动结束后即刻、3、6、12、24、48和96 h,采血分离血清检测cTnI,并进行心肌组织的病理学检查。结果:①与安静对照组比较,力竭性运动后即刻、6 h和48 h大鼠血清cTnI的含量明显增加(P<0.05和P<0.01),其中运动后6 h和48 h分别达高峰,运动后3、12、24 h仍保持在较高水平,运动后96 h基本恢复运动前的水平。②经1周反复力竭性运动,光镜下可见运动后不同时相大鼠心肌细胞均有不同程度的损伤,运动后48 h最严重,96 h有所减轻。结论:长期过度运动和/或力竭性运动后,心肌组织发生病理性改变,且具有延迟性加重现象,即存在延迟性心肌损伤。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the dynamic changes of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and myocardial histomorphology after repeated exhaustive swimming exercise in order to evaluate the existence of delayed myocardial damage during over-exercise recovery.Methods: Using classic Thomas’ method, an animal model of exercise-induced myocardial injury was established by exhaustive swimming. Eighty - seven Wistar male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, exhaustive exercise group, 3 h group, 6 h group, 12 h group, 24 h group, 48 h group and 96 h group. Immediately after the end of exercise, respectively, 3,6,12,24,48 and 96 h, blood serum was collected to detect cTnI, and pathological examination of myocardial tissue. Results: Compared with the quiet control group, the content of cTnI in serum increased significantly (P <0.05 and P <0.01) immediately after exhaustive exercise, and peaked at 6 and 48 h , 3,12,24 h after exercise remained at a high level, 96 h after exercise basically restored the level before exercise. ② After repeated exhaustive exercise for 1 week, the myocardial cells in different phases after exercise showed varying degrees of injury. After 48 hours of exercise, they were the most severe and were reduced after 96 hours. CONCLUSION: Myocardial tissue undergoes pathological changes after long-term over-exercising and / or exhaustive exercise with delayed aggravating phenomenon, ie delayed myocardial injury.