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50年代以前,人们将心脏的舒张期视为一种被动的灌注过程,而只着重于心脏收缩功能的研究。现已认识到,多数心脏疾病除有收缩功能异常外,往往亦同时合并舒张功能障碍,后者甚至较前者出现更早。由此,国内外学者对左心室舒期张功能、尤其是左心室舒张期顺应性的研究发生了极大的兴趣,并取得了很大的进展。本文拟就左心室顺应性的现代概念着重讨论其生理及病理生理意义,并对几种常见心脏病左心室顺应性改变的机理及临床意义作一介绍。一、左心室顺应性的现代概念左心室舒张期顺应性包括左心心腔顺应性(chamber compliance)和心肌顺应性(muscle compliance)。前者定义为舒张期容量和压力的变化比值((ΔV)/(ΔP)),它反映了完整心泵的充盈阻
Before the 1950s, people regarded the diastolic heart as a passive perfusion process, but only focused on the study of systolic function. It has been recognized that most heart disease in addition to abnormal systolic dysfunction, often also combined with diastolic dysfunction, the latter even more than the former appeared earlier. Thus, domestic and foreign scholars on the left ventricular systolic function, especially the study of left ventricular diastolic compliance occurred great interest, and made great progress. This article intends to discuss the modern concept of left ventricular compliance with physiological and pathophysiological significance, and introduces the mechanism and clinical significance of left ventricular compliance changes in several common heart diseases. First, the modern concept of left ventricular compliance Left ventricular diastolic compliance includes left ventricular chamber compliance and muscle compliance. The former is defined as the ratio of change in diastolic volume to pressure ((ΔV) / (ΔP)), which reflects the full heart pump’s filling resistance