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第二次世界大战以后,在国外企业经营管理中,广泛地运用一种现代管理方法——销售学(Marketing)。这是一门研究商品从生产者转到消费者手中全部活动的科学。在1910年前后,美国宾夕法尼亚大学、匹兹堡大学、威斯康星大学等高等学府,就开设了“销售学”的课程。但是,在第二次世界大战以前,销售学研究的商品流通理论概念,基本上还停留在产品生产以后的流通领域,还没有同工业企业管理理论结合起来。二次世界大战后,随着资本主义市场竞争的加剧,市场对生产领域的制约作用日益
After the Second World War, a modern management method, Marketing, was widely used in the management of foreign companies. This is a science that studies the movement of goods from producers to consumers. Around 1910, higher education institutions such as the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Pittsburgh, and the University of Wisconsin opened courses in sales studies. However, prior to the Second World War, the concept of commodity circulation research in sales studies basically remained in the circulation area after the production of products, and it has not yet been combined with industrial enterprise management theory. After the Second World War, with the intensification of competition in the capitalist market, the market has increasingly restricted the production sector.