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目的回顾性分析与早产儿支气管肺发育不良(BPD)有关的危险因素,为防治该病提供科学依据。方法从徐州市第一人民医院新生儿科收治的胎龄<32周的454例新生早产儿中设立支气管肺发育不良观察组和对照组,分别为237例和217例,调查窒息史、吸氧时间、产道感染、出生时体重、反复性肺部感染、哮喘及反应性气道疾病家族病史等信息是否是发生BPD的危险因素。结果胎龄、出生时体重、吸氧时间、机械通气和哮喘及反应性气道疾病家族病史对于BPD发生的OR值分别为3.792、2.774、4.544、10.136和3.737,是BPD发生的高危因素。结论引起早产儿发生BPD与患儿本身及患儿家族遗传史均有关系。针对这些危险因素提高产前保健意识和临床工作中的早期识别及干预能力,将有利于减少BPD的发生。
Objective To retrospectively analyze the risk factors associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of the disease. Methods A total of 237 cases and 217 cases of bronchopulmonary dysplasia were enrolled in 454 neonates with preterm infants of gestational age <32 weeks, which were treated by Department of Neonatology, First People’s Hospital of Xuzhou City. The history of asphyxia, oxygen inhalation time , Birth canal infection, birth weight, recurrent lung infections, asthma and family history of reactive airway disease are risk factors for BPD. Results The OR of gestational age, birth weight, oxygen inhalation time, family history of mechanical ventilation and asthma and reactive airway disease were 3.792, 2.774, 4.544, 10.136 and 3.737 respectively, which were risk factors of BPD. Conclusions The occurrence of BPD in preterm infants has a relationship with the children themselves and the family history of children. In view of these risk factors to improve awareness of prenatal care and clinical early identification and intervention ability, will help reduce the incidence of BPD.