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航天飞机的恒星惯性基准系统在飞行过程中为轨道器提供速度和姿态数据。该基准系统包括三组惯性测量单元、两个星跟踪器、一个导航基座和一架手控光学瞄准具。轨道器的计算机控制惯性基准系统各部件的工作,完成所要求的校准、速度和姿态等各项计算,并通过接口与宇航员联系。本文对其设计要求、硬件操作以及有关星瞄准、惯性测量单元校准和标定等技术进行了讨论。文中还讨论了校准精度、星跟踪器的能力以及陀螺和加速度计的精度等问题,重点放在飞行试验结果上。最后还简要地提到改进和提高系统性能的可能性。
The shuttle’s star inertial reference system provides speed and attitude data to the orbiter during flight. The benchmark system consists of three inertial measurement units, two star trackers, a navigation base and a hand-controlled optical sight. The Orbiter’s computer controls the operation of the various parts of the inertial reference system, computes the required calibrations, velocities and postures, and communicates with the astronauts through the interface. This article discusses its design requirements, hardware operations, and satellite targeting, inertial measurement unit calibration and calibration techniques. The article also discusses the calibration accuracy, the ability of the star tracker and the gyro and accelerometer accuracy and other issues, with emphasis on the results of the flight test. Finally, we also briefly mentioned the possibility of improving and improving system performance.