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目的应用地理信息系统探索安徽省钉螺和急性血吸虫病的时空分布和变化趋势。方法收集安徽省1980—2000年钉螺分布和急性血吸虫病发病资料,将1:1000000的数字化电子地图作为图形文件输入ArcView 3.3。在ArcView 3.3系统建立GIS数据库并进行相关分析。结果钉螺多分布于长江两岸地区,血吸虫病流行最严重的地区,也集中于长江流域,钉螺扩散主要见于未控制地区以及与未控制地区接壤的已控制地区。1989、1990、1991是急性血吸虫病爆发最严重的3年,当涂、东至、宿松是急性血吸虫病发生最严重的3个县,大多数急性血吸虫病病例分布于长江流域。结论地理信息系统可用于数据库和图形管理的工具,能够更加直接和清晰地揭示血吸虫病疫情现状,有助于管理者制定最合理的血吸虫病控制策略。
Objective To explore the spatio-temporal distribution and change trend of snail and acute schistosomiasis in Anhui Province by using geographic information system. Methods The incidence of snail distribution and acute schistosomiasis in Anhui Province during 1980-2000 was collected. Digitalized 1: 1,000,000 digital map was input into ArcView 3.3 as a graphic file. In the ArcView 3.3 system to establish GIS database and related analysis. Results Snails were mostly distributed in the areas along the Yangtze River, and schistosomiasis endemic areas were also concentrated in the Yangtze River valley. Snail spread was mainly found in uncontrolled areas and uncontrolled areas. 1989, 1990 and 1991 were the three most serious acute schistosomiasis outbreaks. Most of acute schistosomiasis cases were found in Dangtu, Dongzhi and Susong, the most frequent cases of acute schistosomiasis. Most cases of acute schistosomiasis were found in the Yangtze River valley. Conclusion The GIS tools that can be used for database and graphic management can reveal the status quo of schistosomiasis more directly and clearly, and help managers formulate the most appropriate control strategy for schistosomiasis.