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目的了解有集中空调设施宾馆室内微小气候卫生状况,进步完善集中空调卫生管理。方法依据《公共场所卫生标准检验方法》,采用现场调查方法,在集中空调为加热、冷却和过渡3种运行状态下采样,检测气温、气湿及风速指标,使用SPSS软件对检测数据统计分析。结果集中空调总合格率为59.45%,在加热、降温和过渡状态下合格率分别为35.90%、70.37%、74.76%;室内微小气候监测指标值除加热状态湿度(30.19±7.46)%低于国家标准(40%～65%)外,其余均符合国家标准;湿度指标总合格率为58.23%,且以加热状态时为最低(23.08%)。结论宾馆采用集中空调对空气进行加热、冷却和通风,使室内气温、风速指标得到较好控制;因未配备加湿除湿设备,造成加热状态的湿度指标卫生状况不容乐观。
Objective To understand the sanitary condition of the indoor microclimate of a hotel with centralized air-conditioning facilities and to improve the hygiene management of centralized air-conditioners. Methods Based on the “public health standard test method”, field survey method was used to sample, measure the temperature, humidity and wind speed indexes under the three operation states of central air conditioner for heating, cooling and transition. The SPSS software was used to analyze the test data. Results The total qualified rate of air conditioners was 59.45%, and the pass rates were 35.90%, 70.37% and 74.76% respectively under heating, cooling and transitional conditions. The index of indoor micro-climate monitoring was lower than that of the state of heating (30.19 ± 7.46)%, Standard (40% ~ 65%), the rest are in line with national standards; humidity indicators of the total qualified rate of 58.23%, and the lowest state of heating (23.08%). Conclusion The hotel adopts centralized air conditioning to heat, cool and ventilate the air so that the indoor air temperature and wind speed indicators can be well controlled. Because the humidifying and dehumidifying equipment is not equipped, the hygienic condition of heating status is not optimistic.