营养因子调节神经干细胞从“休眠”到“再激活”的转变

• 作 者: 李红昌
• 机 构: 四川大学华西第二医院华西发育干细胞研究所,
• 出 处: 中国细胞生物学学报
• 发表日期: 2011年02期
• 关键词: 神经干细胞 自我更新能力 营养因子 细胞周期 细胞增殖 有丝分裂 生物体 器官 细胞增殖周期 神经胶质细胞

干细胞是具有自我更新能力的细胞,广泛存在于各种生物体内。不同于已经完成分化的细胞,干细胞即使在成年生命体中都一直维持在不分化的状态,因而被认为具有潜在的再生各种组织器官的能力。通常情况下,成年动物体内的干细胞都处于一种“休眠”状态,细胞停留在有丝分裂的G_0期,因此不参与增殖活动。在特异的环境或体内因子的刺激下,干细胞能够被激活,重新进入细胞周期,完成细胞增殖,

Stem cells are cells that have the ability to self-renew and are widely present in various organisms. Unlike cells that have already been differentiated, stem cells are thought to have the potential to regenerate various tissues and organs, even though they remain undifferentiated throughout their adult life. Under normal circumstances, the adult animal’s stem cells are in a “dormant ” state, the cells remain in the G0 phase of mitosis, and therefore do not participate in proliferation activity. Stimulated by a specific environment or in vivo factors, stem cells can be activated, re-enter the cell cycle, complete cell proliferation,