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目的了解医学干预对高校大学生结核菌感染及结核病发病的影响,为高校结核病防控工作提供有效的方法和途径。方法对河北科技大学2007级全体学生于入学时及以后每年4月份进行结核菌素(PPD)试验,对结果阳性及强阳性者分别进行胸透和胸片检查,并对强阳性者进行预防性用药;对每年结核筛查及门诊确诊的学生病人进行隔离治疗。结果大学生在校4 a中结核菌素试验阳性及强阳性人数逐年增加明显(χ2值分别为294.76和76.48,P<0.01),而结核病发病率变化不明显(χ2=0.71,P>0.05),平均年发病率为232/10万;注射微卡(母牛分枝杆菌)能有效减轻PPD试验的阳性反应程度。结论对控制大学生结核菌感染的增加率及结核病的发病有重要意义。高校大学生每年进行一次结核病筛查,并对结核菌感染者给予相关医学干预。
Objective To understand the influence of medical intervention on the incidence of tuberculosis among undergraduate students in universities and to provide an effective method and method for the prevention and control of tuberculosis in colleges and universities. Methods All students of grade 2007 in Hebei University of Science and Technology were tested for tuberculin (PPD) during enrollment and in April of each year thereafter. The patients with positive and strong positive results were examined by chest X-ray and chest X-ray. Medication; isolation and treatment of students each year tuberculosis screening and outpatient diagnosis. Results The prevalence of tuberculin test in university students increased significantly year by year (χ2 = 294.76 and 76.48, respectively, P <0.01), while the incidence of tuberculosis did not change significantly (χ2 = 0.71, P> 0.05) The average annual incidence was 232/10 million; injection of micro-card (Mycobacterium vaccae) can effectively reduce the PPD test positive reaction. Conclusion It is of great significance to control the increasing rate of tuberculosis infection and the incidence of tuberculosis among college students. College students once a year tuberculosis screening, and tuberculosis infection were given medical intervention.