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禾谷类黑穗病在我国的发生、为害经历了几起几落。解放初期发生很重,东北地区高梁、小麦黑穗病的平均发病率为8—10％,个别地方高达70％以上。由于推广了铜制剂和汞制剂农药拌种和一批抗病品种,五十年代中后期发病率显著下降,许多地方谷子、小麦黑穗病压低到1％以下。在五十年代末至六十年代初期,盲目推广了一些感病品种,放松种子处理工作,黑穗病有所回升。由于防治及时,很快得到控制。第三次回升是十年动乱时期。种子处理少了,加之赛力散因残毒而停止使用。一时又没有新的拌种剂代替,种传黑穗病显著回升。土传丝黑穗病,因推广了一批新的感病玉米杂交种,和栽培制度的改变——连作增多。而在全国春玉米区发生蔓延。高粱丝黑穗病菌生理小种的变异,引起杂交种抗病性的丧失。这次回升持续时间较长。
Occurrence of cereal smut in our country, the damage experienced several ups and downs. In the early days of liberation, the incidence was very high. The average morbidity of sorghum and wheat smuts in Northeast China was 8-10% and in some places up to 70%. Due to the promotion of pesticide dressing of copper preparations and mercury preparations and a number of disease-resistant varieties, the incidence rate in the mid and late 1950s was significantly reduced. In many places, millet and wheat smut were suppressed below 1%. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, some susceptible varieties were blindly popularized, seed processing was relaxed, and smut was picked up. Because of prevention and treatment in a timely manner, quickly under control. The third rebound is a period of ten years of turmoil. Seed treatment less, in addition to Saracens due to residual drugs stop using. Moment no new seed dressing instead, the germination of smut significantly rebounded. Soil smut, due to the promotion of a number of new susceptible corn hybrids, and changes in the cultivation system - cropping increased. In the national spring corn area spread. Variation of physiological races of Sorghum smut caused the loss of disease resistance of hybrids. The rebound lasted longer.