论文部分内容阅读
考察了纳滤膜在8种常用有机溶剂中的稳定性,通过表面观察、扫描电镜和原子力显微镜分析膜结构的变化情况和膜溶胀程度大小,同时考察了纳滤膜在不同溶剂中的通量和截留性能。稳定性实验结果表明,该纳滤膜在烷烃、醇类、酮类、酯类、苯类等多种溶剂中有良好的稳定性,但二甲基甲酰胺类溶剂对该膜有明显破坏作用;此外,在膜结构没有明显变化的情况下,有机溶剂的存在会使膜的表面粗糙度增加明显。膜分离性能试验结果表明,膜通量受溶剂种类的影响很大,其膜通量变化规律为:水>甲醇>乙醇>丙酮>乙酸乙酯>正己烷;膜对一、二价离子有不同选择性,对分子量大于400的有机物普遍具有良好的截留性能。
The stability of the nanofiltration membrane in eight common organic solvents was investigated. The changes of the membrane structure and the degree of membrane swelling were analyzed by surface observation, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Meanwhile, the flux of the nanofiltration membrane in different solvents And retention properties. The results of the stability experiment show that the nanofiltration membrane has good stability in many solvents such as alkanes, alcohols, ketones, esters, benzene and the like, but the dimethylformamide solvent has a significant disruptive effect on the membrane In addition, in the absence of significant changes in the membrane structure, the existence of organic solvents will increase the surface roughness of the membrane significantly. The results of membrane separation performance test showed that the flux of membrane was greatly affected by the kind of solvent, and the flux of membrane flux changed as follows: water> methanol> ethanol> acetone> ethyl acetate> n-hexane; Selectivity, the molecular weight of more than 400 generally have good retention of organic matter.