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1 问题的提出1996年7月,沅水上游发生100年一遇洪水,五强溪枢纽入库流量达4000 m~3/s。为了下游常德等地人民生命财产的安全,五强溪枢纽拦蓄洪水、只下泄河道安全泄量26500m~3/s(相应下游水位约52.3m),使库水位从正常水位108.0m超蓄到113.26m(5000年一遇洪水位),保住了下游地区免受洪水灾害。汛后检查发现它的右消力池(距坝脚15m以下)被冲刷成一个大坑,坑长(顺流向)50.0m、宽17.0～25.0m,深36.0m(护坦4.0m、岩石32.0m)。1996年11月,清江上游发生了100年一遇洪水,隔河岩枢纽为确保下游高坝洲枢纽施工,控制下泄量,上游库水位超蓄2.0m。汛后检查隔河岩枢纽没有因超蓄泄流带来问题。以上两例称之水库超蓄(滞洪)控制下泄的运行方
1 Proposed Issue In July 1996, a flooding occurred in the upper reaches of the Yuanshui River in 100 years. The flow volume of the Wuqiangxi Hub reached 4000 m 3 / s. For the safety of people’s lives and property in Changde and other places downstream, the Wuqiangxi hub intercepts floods and discharges only 26,500m 3 / s of river safety water (corresponding to the downstream water level of 52.3m) to make the reservoir level exceed the normal water level 108.0m to 113.26 m (5000 floods a year), save the downstream areas from flooding. After the flood season, it was found that its right-angle weak pool (15m below the foot of the dam) was washed into a large pit with a pit length of 50.0m, a width of 17.0-25.0m and a depth of 36.0m (Armor 4.0m and Rock 32.0 m). In November 1996, a 100-year flood occurred in the upper reaches of the Qingjiang River. In order to ensure the construction of the downstream dam and control of the discharge volume, the Geheyan Hub is supercharged 2.0m above the water level of the upstream reservoir. After the flood inspection across the river rock junction is not due to supercharged discharge problems. The above two cases called the reservoir super savings (flood) control of the discharge side of the party