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目的了解美沙酮维持治疗者的家庭功能和家庭类型,为采取有针对性的干预措施提供科学依据。方法对武汉市3家美沙酮门诊217名受治者进行调查测试,分析研究对象的家庭亲密度、适应性和家庭“拱级模式”类型。结果研究组的家庭理想亲密度高于常模参考值(t=4.79,P<0.001);研究对象的实际适应性和理想适应性得分为(45.4±10.2)分和(51.8±8.4)分,均低于常模参考值(均有P<0.001);研究组与常模的16种“拱级模式”类型比较,其中“灵活-亲密型、无规律-亲密型、有规律-缠结型、僵硬-亲密型、僵硬-松散型”5种类型的差异有统计学意义(均有P<0.05);研究组与常模的平衡型家庭类型、中间型家庭类型、极端型家庭类型构成比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论美沙酮维持治疗者的家庭理想亲密度高,家庭实际适应性和理想适应性偏低;美沙酮受治者的家庭“拱级模式”类型主要表现为平衡型家庭类型偏少、极端型家庭类型偏多,特别是极端型家庭中“僵硬-松散型”比例较多。
Objective To understand the family function and family type of methadone maintenance treatment in order to provide a scientific basis for taking targeted interventions. Methods A total of 217 subjects in three methadone clinics in Wuhan were surveyed to investigate the family intimacy, adaptability and family type. Results The ideal intimacy of family in the study group was higher than that of the norm (t = 4.79, P <0.001). The actual fitness and ideal fitness of the study group were (45.4 ± 10.2) and (51.8 ± 8.4) (P <0.001). The study group compared with the 16 types of “arch mode” of norm, in which “flexible - intimate, irregular - intimate, (P <0.05). There was a significant difference between the five groups in family type, intermediate family type, extreme type Family structure comparison, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The families with methadone maintenance treatment have a high degree of family intimacy and low practical adaptability and ideal accommodation. The family type of ”arch mode“ of methadone treatment mainly shows that there are fewer balanced type of families, extreme families More types, especially in extreme families ”stiff - loose " a large proportion.